21. What is Jane Addams noted for in history?
- A. Her social work.
- B. Her teaching skills.
- C. Her efforts to win a prize.
- D. Her community background.
答案：A
答案句：Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community (社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
参考译文：任何曾经得到过社会工作者帮助的人都应该感谢简·亚当斯。亚当斯帮助穷人，并为和平而工作。她通过为有需要的人创建庇护所、促进教育和服务，鼓励了一种社区意识。1931年，亚当斯成为第一位获得诺贝尔和平奖的美国女性。
定位线索：题干“What is Jane Addams noted for in history?”→答案句取自第1段“Addams helped the poor and worked for peace...creating shelters and promoting education and services”；文中“helped the poor”“creating shelters”“promoting education and services”对应选项A“Her social work”。
解析：题干问简·亚当斯在历史上以什么著称。答案句直接描述她帮助穷人、为和平工作、创建庇护所和促进教育服务，这些都是社会工作的具体表现，因此选项A“Her social work”是对原文信息的同义转述。选项B“教学技能”原文未提及；选项C“努力获奖”偷换概念，原文只说她获奖，未说努力；选项D“社区背景”范围缩小，原文强调的是她的行动而非背景。
22. What was the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm?
- A. Her lack of proper training in law.
- B. Her little work experience in court.
- C. The discrimination against women.
- D. The poor financial conditions.
答案：C
答案句：When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.
参考译文：1952年，桑德拉·戴·奥康纳在斯坦福法学院以班级第三名的成绩毕业时，却因为自己是女性而无法在律师事务所找到工作。
定位线索：题干“What was the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm?”→答案句取自第3段“she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman”；文中“because she was a woman”对应选项C“The discrimination against women”。
解析：题干问奥康纳被律师事务所拒绝的原因。答案句明确指出“because she was a woman”，即因为她是女性，这直接对应选项C“对女性的歧视”。选项A“缺乏法律培训”与原文“finished third in her class”矛盾；选项B“法庭经验少”原文未提及；选项D“经济条件差”无中生有。
23. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.?
- A. Jane Addams.
- B. Rachel Carson.
- C. Sandra Day O’Connor.
- D. Ross Parks.
答案：D
答案句：Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement.
参考译文：她的简单行为使帕克斯入狱。但这也引发了蒙哥马利公交车抵制运动。这场运动持续了一年多，并开启了民权运动。
定位线索：题干“Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.?”→答案句取自第4段“kicked off the civil-rights movement”；文中“kicked off”对应选项D“Ross Parks”（原文为Rosa Parks，选项拼写有误但指同一人）。
解析：题干问谁对美国民权运动做出了巨大贡献。答案句明确说帕克斯的行为“kicked off the civil-rights movement”，即开启了民权运动，因此选项D正确。选项A、B、C分别对应其他人物，但原文未提及他们对民权运动的贡献，属于答非所问。
24. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?
- A. They are highly educated.
- B. They are truly creative.
- C. They are pioneers.
- D. They are peace-lovers.
答案：C
答案句：In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. … in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. … Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement.
参考译文：1931年，亚当斯成为第一位获得诺贝尔和平奖的美国女性。……1981年，第一位加入美国最高法院的女性。……她的简单行为使帕克斯入狱。但这也引发了蒙哥马利公交车抵制运动。这场运动持续了一年多，并开启了民权运动。
定位线索：题干“What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?”→答案句取自各段“first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize”“first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court”“kicked off the civil-rights movement”；文中“first”“kicked off”对应选项C“They are pioneers”。
解析：题干要求推断文中提到的女性的共同特点。答案句多次使用“first”（第一位）和“kicked off”（开启），表明她们都是各自领域的开创者，因此选项C“先驱者”正确。选项A“受过高等教育”只适用于部分人，范围扩大；选项B“有创造力”原文未提及；选项D“爱好和平”只适用于亚当斯，不能概括所有人。