52. What do we learn from some studies about uncontrolled tourism development?
- A. It gives rise to an increase in mass confrontations.
- B. It incurs local residents' antagonism to tourists.
- C. It inhibits the steady growth of local economy.
- D. It brings in a large chunk of mobile population.
答案：B
答案句：Tourism studies provide much documentation of the many negative social impacts of tourism and resulting resentment that local populations direct toward visitors.
参考译文：旅游研究提供了大量文献，记录旅游业带来的许多负面社会影响以及当地居民对游客产生的怨恨。
定位线索：题干“studies about uncontrolled tourism development”→答案句“Tourism studies”；文中“resentment that local populations direct toward visitors”对应选项B“local residents' antagonism to tourists”。
解析：题干问从研究中了解到什么，答案句明确说研究记录了“resentment that local populations direct toward visitors”，即当地人对游客的怨恨，与B项“引发当地居民对游客的敌意”直接对应。A项“大规模对抗增加”程度过重，C项“抑制经济增长”未提及，D项“带来大量流动人口”答非所问。
53. Why does the author say local residents of popular destinations often feel frustrated?
- A. They fall victim to social conflicts and environmental disturbances.
- B. They have little opportunity to enjoy themselves on cruise ships.
- C. They cannot find employment in multinational hotel chains.
- D. They do not think they benefit as much as they deserve.
答案：D
答案句：Residents often become frustrated when the benefits of tourism are not felt locally. Although it can generate foreign exchange, income and employment, there's no guarantee that multinational hotel chains will allocate these benefits equitably among local communities.
参考译文：当旅游业的利益未在当地体现时，居民常常感到沮丧。尽管旅游业能产生外汇、收入和就业，但无法保证跨国酒店集团会在当地社区中公平分配这些利益。
定位线索：题干“local residents of popular destinations often feel frustrated”→答案句“Residents often become frustrated”；文中“benefits of tourism are not felt locally”和“no guarantee...allocate these benefits equitably”对应选项D“do not think they benefit as much as they deserve”。
解析：题干问居民感到沮丧的原因，答案句指出因为“benefits of tourism are not felt locally”且“no guarantee...allocate these benefits equitably”，即利益未公平分配，与D项“认为他们没有得到应得的利益”一致。A项“社会冲突和环境干扰的受害者”是前文内容但非直接原因，B项“在游轮上没机会享受”偷换概念，C项“找不到工作”与原文“generate employment”矛盾。
54. How does the author say local residents in destination communities respond to tourism activity?
- A. They endeavor to adapt to it.
- B. They readily adopt new lifestyles.
- C. They immerse tourists in their culture.
- D. They try to upgrade their business models.
答案：B
答案句：In recent decades, local residents in destination communities also have found themselves negotiating new cultural boundaries, class dynamics, service industry roles and lifestyle transformations. For example, data show that tourism activity corresponds to increased social problems as local residents adopt the behaviors of tourists.
参考译文：近几十年来，目的地社区的当地居民也发现自己正在应对新的文化边界、阶级动态、服务业角色和生活方式转变。例如，数据显示旅游活动与社会问题增加相对应，因为当地居民开始采纳游客的行为。
定位线索：题干“local residents in destination communities respond to tourism activity”→答案句“local residents...found themselves negotiating...lifestyle transformations”；文中“adopt the behaviors of tourists”对应选项B“readily adopt new lifestyles”。
解析：题干问居民如何应对旅游活动，答案句指出他们“adopt the behaviors of tourists”，即采纳游客的行为，与B项“欣然接受新生活方式”对应。A项“努力适应它”偷换概念，原文是适应游客行为而非旅游活动，C项“让游客沉浸于文化”无中生有，D项“升级商业模式”未提及。