2020年12月四级 第2套 Section A 选词填空

When my son completes a task, I can't help but praise him. It's only natural to give praise where praise is due, right? But is there such a thing as too much praise?

According to psychologist Katherine Phillip, children don't benefit from __26__ praise as much as we'd like to think. "Parents' often praise, believing they are building their child's self-confidence. However, over-praising can have a __27__ effect," says Phillip. "When we use the same praise __28__, it may become empty and no longer valued by the child. It can also become an expectation that anything they do must be __29__ with praise. This may lead to the child avoiding taking risks due to fear of __30__ their parents. "

Does this mean we should do away with all the praise? Phillip says no. "The key to healthy praise is to focus on the process rather than the __31__. It is the recognition of a child's attempt, or the process in which they achieved something, that is essential," she says. "Parents should encourage their child to take the risks needed to learn and grow. "

So how do we break the __32__ of praise we're all so accustomed to? Phillip says it's important to __33__ between "person praise" and "process praise". "Person praise is __34__ saying how great someone is. It's a form of personal approval. Process praise is acknowledgement of the efforts the person has just __35__ Children who receive person praise are more likely to feel shame after losing," says Phillip.