26. According to Paragraphs 1 and 2, many young Americans cast doubts on
- A. the justification of the news-filtering practice.
- B. people’s preference for social media platforms.
- C. the administration’s ability to handle information.
- D. social media as a reliable source of news.
答案：D
答案句：A new survey by Harvard University finds more than two-thirds of young Americans disapprove of President Trump’s use of Twitter. … Most Americans rely on social media to check daily headlines. Yet as distrust has risen toward all media, people may be starting to beef up their media literacy skills.
参考译文：哈佛大学的一项新调查发现，超过三分之二的美国年轻人不赞成特朗普总统使用推特。… 大多数美国人依赖社交媒体查看每日头条。然而，随着对所有媒体的不信任感上升，人们可能开始加强他们的媒体素养技能。
定位线索：题干“Paragraphs 1 and 2, many young Americans cast doubts on”对应第1段“disapprove of President Trump’s use of Twitter”和第2段“distrust has risen toward all media”；文中“distrust”对应选项D“social media as a reliable source of news”中的“reliable source”。
解析：题干问年轻人质疑什么，答案句指出年轻人不赞成总统使用推特，且对所有媒体（包括社交媒体）的不信任上升，说明他们质疑社交媒体作为可靠新闻来源。选项D正确。选项A“新闻过滤实践的合理性”文中未提，无中生有；选项B“人们对社交媒体平台的偏好”与原文“prefer news from the White House to be filtered through other sources”不符，偷换概念；选项C“政府处理信息的能力”文中未提，无中生有。
27. The phrase “beef up” (Line 2, Para. 2) is closest in meaning to
- A. sharpen.
- B. define.
- C. boast.
- D. share.
答案：A
答案句：Yet as distrust has risen toward all media, people may be starting to beef up their media literacy skills. Such a trend is badly needed. During the 2016 presidential campaign, nearly a quarter of web content shared by Twitter users in the politically critical state of Michigan was fake news, according to the University of Oxford.
参考译文：然而，随着对所有媒体的不信任感上升，人们可能开始加强他们的媒体素养技能。这样的趋势非常必要。根据牛津大学的说法，在2016年总统竞选期间，在政治关键州密歇根州，推特用户分享的近四分之一的网络内容是假新闻。
定位线索：题干“beef up”对应答案句“beef up their media literacy skills”；文中“Such a trend is badly needed”和“fake news”暗示需要“加强”技能，对应选项A“sharpen”（加强/提高）。
解析：词义题需结合上下文。前文提到“distrust has risen”，后文说“Such a trend is badly needed”且提到假新闻问题，说明人们需要“加强”媒体素养技能，因此“beef up”意为“加强”，与“sharpen”同义。选项A正确。选项B“define”（定义）、C“boast”（吹嘘）、D“share”（分享）均不符合语境，无中生有。
28. According to the Knight Foundation survey, young people
- A. tend to voice their opinions in cyberspace.
- B. verify news by referring to diverse sources.
- C. have a strong sense of responsibility.
- D. like to exchange views on “distributed trust”.
答案：B
答案句：A Knight Foundation focus-group survey of young people between ages 14 and 24 found they use “distributed trust” to verify stories. They cross-check sources and prefer news from different perspectives – especially those that are open about any bias.
参考译文：奈特基金会针对14至24岁年轻人的焦点小组调查发现，他们使用“分布式信任”来核实新闻。他们会交叉核对消息来源，并偏好来自不同视角的新闻——尤其是那些对任何偏见都持开放态度的新闻。
定位线索：题干“Knight Foundation survey”对应答案句“A Knight Foundation focus-group survey”；文中“verify stories”和“cross-check sources”对应选项B“verify news by referring to diverse sources”中的“verify news”和“diverse sources”。
解析：题干问奈特基金会调查中年轻人的行为，答案句明确指出他们“use ‘distributed trust’ to verify stories”且“cross-check sources”，即通过多种来源核实新闻，对应选项B。选项A“在网络上发表意见”文中未提，无中生有；选项C“有强烈责任感”是调查结论中的内容，但题干问的是调查发现的行为，答非所问；选项D“喜欢在‘分布式信任’上交换观点”偷换概念，原文是“use ‘distributed trust’ to verify stories”，而非交换观点。
29. The Barna survey found that a main cause for the fake news problem is
- A. readers’ outdated values.
- B. journalists’ biased reporting.
- C. readers’ misinterpretation.
- D. journalists’ made-up stories.
答案：C
答案句：A survey by Barna research group found the top reason given by Americans for the fake news phenomenon is “reader error,” more so than made-up stories or factual mistakes in reporting. About a third say the problem of fake news lies in “misinterpretation or exaggeration of actual news” via social media.
参考译文：巴纳研究集团的一项调查发现，美国人认为假新闻现象的首要原因是“读者错误”，而非编造的故事或报道中的事实错误。约三分之一的人表示，假新闻的问题在于通过社交媒体“对真实新闻的误解或夸大”。
定位线索：题干“Barna survey, main cause for the fake news problem”对应答案句“A survey by Barna research group found the top reason … is ‘reader error’”和“misinterpretation or exaggeration of actual news”；文中“misinterpretation”对应选项C“readers’ misinterpretation”。
解析：题干问巴纳调查中假新闻问题的主要原因，答案句明确指出首要原因是“reader error”，且约三分之一认为问题在于“misinterpretation or exaggeration of actual news”，即读者的误解，对应选项C。选项A“读者过时的价值观”文中未提，无中生有；选项B“记者有偏见的报道”和D“记者编造的故事”是次要原因，且文中明确说“more so than made-up stories or factual mistakes”，排除。
30. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
- A. A Rise in Critical Skills for Sharing News Online.
- B. A Counteraction Against the Over-tweeting Trend.
- C. The Accumulation of Mutual Trust on Social Media.
- D. The Platforms for Projection of Personal Interests.
答案：A
答案句：Such a trend is badly needed. … Young people who are digital natives are indeed becoming more skillful at separating fact from fiction in cyberspace. … So when young people are critical of an over-tweeting president, they reveal a mental discipline in thinking skills – and in their choices on when to share on social media.
参考译文：这样的趋势非常必要。… 作为数字原住民的年轻人确实在区分网络空间事实与虚构方面变得更加熟练。… 因此，当年轻人批评一位过度发推特的总统时，他们展现了思维技能方面的心理自律——以及他们在何时在社交媒体上分享的选择上的自律。
定位线索：题干“best title”对应答案句“becoming more skillful at separating fact from fiction”和“mental discipline in thinking skills”；文中“skillful”和“mental discipline”对应选项A“A Rise in Critical Skills for Sharing News Online”中的“Critical Skills”。
解析：主旨题需概括全文。文章主要讲年轻人提高媒体素养、批判性思维技能，并在社交媒体分享时更加谨慎，选项A“在线分享新闻的批判性技能提升”准确概括。选项B“对过度发推特趋势的反制”范围过窄，仅涉及部分内容；选项C“社交媒体上相互信任的积累”与原文“distrust”相反，偷换概念；选项D“个人兴趣投射的平台”是细节，不能概括主旨，以偏概全。