36. According to the first two paragraphs, Elisabeth was upset by
- A. the consequences of the current sorting mechanism.
- B. companies’ financial loss due to immoral practices.
- C. governmental ineffectiveness on moral issues.
- D. the wide misuse of integrity among institutions.
答案：A
答案句：Two years ago, Rupert Murdoch’s daughter, Elisabeth, spoke of the “unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions”. Integrity had collapsed, she argued, because of a collective acceptance that the only “sorting mechanism” in society should be profit and the market. But “it’s us, human beings, we the people who create the society we want, not profit.”
参考译文：两年前，鲁珀特·默多克的女儿伊丽莎白谈到了“我们众多机构中令人不安的诚信缺失”。她认为，诚信已经崩溃，因为人们集体接受社会唯一的“分拣机制”应该是利润和市场。但“是我们，人类，我们人民创造了我们想要的社会，而不是利润。”
定位线索：题干“According to the first two paragraphs”→答案句取自第1-2段；文中“dearth of integrity”对应选项“the consequences of the current sorting mechanism”；文中“sorting mechanism”对应选项“sorting mechanism”
解析：题干问伊丽莎白对什么感到不安，答案句直接指出她谈到“诚信缺失”，并解释原因是“社会唯一的排序机制应该是利润和市场”，即当前排序机制的后果。选项A“当前排序机制的后果”是对此的同义转述。选项B“公司因不道德行为遭受财务损失”无中生有；选项C“政府在道德问题上的无能”文中未提；选项D“机构中广泛滥用诚信”偷换概念，文中是“缺失”而非“滥用”。
37. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that
- A. Glenn Mulcaire may deny phone hacking as a crime.
- B. more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking.
- C. Andy Coulson should be held innocent of the charge.
- D. phone hacking will be accepted on certain occasions.
答案：B
答案句：As the hacking trial concludes – finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones, and finding his predecessor, Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge – the wider issue of dearth of integrity still stands. Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people. This is hacking on an industrial scale, as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire, the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking. Others await trial. This long story still unfolds.
参考译文：随着窃听案审判结束——判定《世界新闻报》前编辑安迪·库尔森共谋窃听电话有罪，而其前任丽贝卡·布鲁克斯在同样指控中无罪——诚信缺失的更广泛问题仍然存在。已知记者们窃听了多达5500人的电话。这是工业规模的窃听，正如格伦·穆尔凯尔所承认的，他于2001年被《世界新闻报》雇佣为电话窃听的关键人物。其他人等待审判。这个漫长的故事仍在展开。
定位线索：题干“inferred from Paragraph 3”→答案句取自第3段；文中“Others await trial”对应选项“more journalists may be found guilty”；文中“Journalists are known to have hacked”对应选项“more journalists”
解析：题干要求从第3段推断，答案句提到“其他人等待审判”和“这个故事仍在展开”，暗示可能有更多记者被认定有罪。选项B“更多记者可能被判有罪”是对此的合理推断。选项A“格伦·穆尔凯尔可能否认窃听是犯罪”文中未提；选项C“安迪·库尔森应被判无罪”与原文“有罪”相反；选项D“窃听在某些场合会被接受”无中生有。
38. The author believes that Rebekah Brooks’s defence
- A. was hardly convincing.
- B. centered on trivial issues.
- C. revealed a cunning personality.
- D. was part of a conspiracy.
答案：A
答案句：One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived. The core of her successful defence was that she knew nothing.
参考译文：令人震惊的揭示之一是，丽贝卡·布鲁克斯对编辑室里发生的事情知之甚少，她很少想到去问，而且她从不询问故事是如何来的。她成功辩护的核心是她什么都不知道。
定位线索：题干“author believes that Rebekah Brooks’s defence”→答案句取自第4段；文中“astonishing revelations”和“she knew nothing”对应选项“hardly convincing”；文中“how little she knew”对应选项“hardly convincing”
解析：题干问作者对布鲁克斯辩护的看法，答案句用“令人震惊的揭示”和“她什么都不知道”暗示作者认为这种辩护难以置信。选项A“几乎不令人信服”是对此的合理推断。选项B“集中在琐碎问题上”无中生有；选项C“揭示狡猾个性”过度推断；选项D“是阴谋的一部分”无中生有。
39. The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows
- A. a marginalized lifestyle.
- B. unfair wealth distribution.
- C. generally distorted values.
- D. a rigid moral code.
答案：C
答案句：For a generation, the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit. The words that have mattered are efficiency, flexibility, shareholder value, business-friendly, wealth generation, sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation. Words degraded to the margin have been justice, fairness, tolerance, proportionality and accountability.
参考译文：一代人以来，集体信条一直是社会的分拣机制应该是利润。重要的词是效率、灵活性、股东价值、商业友好、财富创造、销售、影响力，以及在报纸中的发行量。被边缘化的词是正义、公平、宽容、相称性和问责制。
定位线索：题干“current collective doctrine shows”→答案句取自第5段；文中“collective doctrine”对应选项“generally distorted values”；文中“Words degraded to the margin”对应选项“distorted values”
解析：题干问当前集体信条显示什么，答案句指出信条是“利润”，重要词汇是效率、股东价值等，而正义、公平等被边缘化，显示价值观扭曲。选项C“普遍扭曲的价值观”是对此的同义转述。选项A“边缘化的生活方式”偷换概念；选项B“不公平的财富分配”无中生有；选项D“僵化的道德准则”与原文“道德被边缘化”不符。
40. Which of the following is suggested in the last paragraph?
- A. The quality of writings is of primary importance.
- B. Moral awareness matters in editing a newspaper.
- C. Common humanity is central to news reporting.
- D. Journalists need stricter industrial regulations.
答案：B
答案句：The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding, to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity. It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact. Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories, but she asked no questions, gave no instructions – nor received traceable, recorded answers.
参考译文：编辑《世界新闻报》的目的不是促进读者理解，不是对所写内容公平，也不是背叛任何共同的人性。而是为了追求发行量和影响力而毁掉生活。布鲁克斯女士可能怀疑也可能不怀疑她的记者如何获得故事，但她没有问任何问题，没有给出任何指示——也没有收到可追踪的、有记录的答案。
定位线索：题干“suggested in the last paragraph”→答案句取自第6段；文中“purpose of editing”对应选项“Moral awareness matters in editing a newspaper”；文中“not to promote reader understanding”对应选项“Moral awareness”
解析：题干问最后一段暗示什么，答案句指出编辑报纸的目的不是促进理解或公平，而是追求发行量，且布鲁克斯不问问题，暗示道德意识在编辑中的重要性。选项B“道德意识在编辑报纸中很重要”是对此的合理推断。选项A“写作质量至关重要”无中生有；选项C“共同人性是新闻报道的核心”与原文“不是背叛任何共同人性”相反；选项D“记者需要更严格的行业监管”无中生有。