31. According to the first two paragraphs, the high-speed rail network in Italy
- A. is seen by tourists as outdated
- B. is a popular option for travelling
- C. is inadequately utilised by locals
- D. is an example of good maintenance
答案：B
答案句：Since the 2008 launch of the high-speed rail network between Rome and Milan, trains have become the preferred means of travel across Italy for locals and tourists alike. … In many cases, it is the best option— in terms of travel time and cost— for both leisure and business travellers.
参考译文：自2008年罗马和米兰之间的高速铁路网开通以来，火车已成为意大利各地当地人和游客首选的出行方式。… 在许多情况下，就旅行时间和成本而言，它都是休闲和商务旅客的最佳选择。
定位线索：题干“According to the first two paragraphs”→答案句取自第1段“trains have become the preferred means of travel”；文中“preferred”和“best option”对应选项B“popular option”。
解析：题干要求根据前两段判断意大利高铁网络的特点。答案句明确指出火车已成为当地人和游客的首选出行方式，且是休闲和商务旅客的最佳选择，这与选项B“is a popular option for travelling”（是受欢迎的出行选择）直接对应。选项A“被游客视为过时”与原文“preferred”矛盾；选项C“未被当地人充分利用”与“locals and tourists alike”矛盾；选项D“是良好维护的例子”与第二段提到的“severe delays”和“maintenance works”不符。
32. Ferrovie is quoted in Paragraph 3 to show.
- A. the common occurrence of train delays
- B. the value of the Italian train network
- C. the wide media coverage of trains
- D. the high efficiency of Trenitalia
答案：A
答案句：Disruptions have become increasingly frequent with train delays now a fixture in Italian media coverage. … Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane, the publicly controlled group that owns train operator Trenitalia and the national train network RFI, said 23 percent of all high-speed trains it operated were late in 2023.
参考译文：中断变得越来越频繁，火车延误现在已成为意大利媒体报道中的常客。… 意大利国家铁路公司（Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane）是拥有列车运营商Trenitalia和国家铁路网络RFI的公有集团，该公司表示，2023年其运营的所有高速列车中有23%晚点。
定位线索：题干“Ferrovie is quoted in Paragraph 3”→答案句取自第3段“Ferrovie...said 23 percent of all high-speed trains it operated were late in 2023”；文中“23 percent...were late”对应选项A“the common occurrence of train delays”。
解析：本题为例证题。题干问Ferrovie被引用是为了说明什么。答案句先指出“Disruptions have become increasingly frequent”（中断越来越频繁），然后引用Ferrovie的数据“23 percent...were late”来具体说明延误的普遍性。例子本身（23%的延误率）不是答案依据，前面的观点句“Disruptions have become increasingly frequent”才是关键，正确选项A“the common occurrence of train delays”正是对该观点的同义转述。选项B“意大利铁路网络的价值”和选项D“Trenitalia的高效率”与数据含义相反；选项C“媒体广泛报道”只是背景，不是引用Ferrovie的目的。
33. Which of the following is one cause of the disruptions in the network?
- A. Complex train schedules.
- B. Shortage of investments.
- C. Its limited capacity.
- D. Its massive scale.
答案：C
答案句：But lack of capacity is another problem. … Transport economist Andrea Giuricin said the planned investments would bring improvements but disruptions in the meantime were inevitable.
参考译文：但运力不足是另一个问题。… 交通经济学家Andrea Giuricin表示，计划中的投资将带来改善，但与此同时的中断是不可避免的。
定位线索：题干“one cause of the disruptions”→答案句取自第4段“lack of capacity is another problem”；文中“lack of capacity”对应选项C“Its limited capacity”。
解析：题干问网络中断的原因之一。答案句明确指出“lack of capacity is another problem”（运力不足是另一个问题），这与选项C“Its limited capacity”（有限的运力）直接对应。选项A“复杂的列车时刻表”原文未提及；选项B“投资短缺”与原文“planned investments”和“€24bn”矛盾；选项D“规模庞大”原文未提及。
34. It can be learned that the mixed system.
- A. provides a wide choice of routes
- B. requires extra operational spending
- C. increases the level of travel comfort
- D. puts the high-speed network in trouble
答案：D
答案句：“We have a mixed system, there is no spare capacity and as soon as there’s a hiccup on the line, the situation becomes highly complex,” he said. … If there’s congestion or, for example, a local train breaks down, the entire high-speed network is affected.
参考译文：“我们有一个混合系统，没有备用运力，一旦线路出现小故障，情况就会变得非常复杂，”他说。… 如果出现拥堵，或者例如当地列车发生故障，整个高速网络都会受到影响。
定位线索：题干“the mixed system”→答案句取自第4段“We have a mixed system”；文中“the entire high-speed network is affected”对应选项D“puts the high-speed network in trouble”。
解析：题干要求推断混合系统的影响。答案句指出混合系统下“没有备用运力”，一旦出现故障“整个高速网络都会受到影响”，这直接推出选项D“puts the high-speed network in trouble”（使高速网络陷入困境）。选项A“提供多种路线选择”原文未提及；选项B“需要额外运营支出”和选项C“提高旅行舒适度”均无依据。
35. Improvements to the Italian train network will include.
- A. reconstructing the regular train lines
- B. shortening high-speed train intervals
- C. building more stations in urban centres
- D. enhancing the safety of high-speed trains
答案：B
答案句：Improvements will also come from the high-density technology and satellite signalling that RFI has been investing in for years, say experts. It will allow for a reduction of the distance between high-speed trains travelling on the same line at any given time, which should mean a significant increase in capacity and traffic fluidity, according to Giuricin.
参考译文：专家表示，改进还将来自RFI多年来一直投资的高密度技术和卫星信号。据Giuricin称，这将允许减少在同一线路上行驶的高速列车之间的距离，这意味着运力和交通流畅性将显著提高。
定位线索：题干“Improvements to the Italian train network will include”→答案句取自第5段“reduction of the distance between high-speed trains”；文中“reduction of the distance”对应选项B“shortening high-speed train intervals”。
解析：题干问意大利铁路网络的改进将包括什么。答案句明确指出新技术“allow for a reduction of the distance between high-speed trains”（允许减少高速列车之间的距离），这与选项B“shortening high-speed train intervals”（缩短高速列车发车间隔）是同义转述。选项A“重建普通铁路线”原文未提及；选项C“在城市中心建更多车站”原文未提及；选项D“提高高速列车安全性”原文未提及。