2026年英语二 多项对应

第 1 段

In an effort to support restoration programmes, specialists are developing supplies of seeds and seedlings, maintaining gene banks and sequencing the genomes of indigenous trees and other crops. Their work deals with one of the problems that could block major restoration efforts in different parts of the world.

为了支持恢复项目,专家们正在开发种子和幼苗的供应,维护基因库,并对本土树木和其他作物的基因组进行 测序。他们的工作解决了可能在世界不同地区阻碍重大恢复工作的问题之一。

第 2 段

"Where's the planting material going to come from? That's one big bottleneck," says genetic- resources specialist Ramni Jamnadass

遗传资源专家Ramni Jamnadass说:"种植材料从哪里来?这是一个大瓶颈。"

第 3 段

Asia is arguably the region most neglected by global efforts to increase diversity in restoration and to study native species. Christopher Kettle, Biodiversity International's director for forest genetic resources and restoration in Rome, says that the need for infrastructure — things such as mechanisms for collecting and storing seeds, and nurseries to raise seedlings — might be most desperate here because many trees are 'masting' species, which don't produce seeds every year. People need to be ready. "Otherwise, you miss the boat, you lose all the seed and you've got to wait another seven years," says Kettle. "This is a really, really critical issue for restoration in Southeast Asia, because many of the most important timber species and tree species — the ones that will lock up the most carbon — they're all masting species."

亚洲可以说是全球增加恢复多样性和研究本土物种工作中最被忽视的地区。Biodiversity International驻罗马的森林遗传资源和恢复主任Christopher Kettle表示,对基础设施的需求——诸如收集和储存种子的机制,以及培育幼苗的苗圃——在这里可能最为迫切,因为许多树木是"间歇结实"物种,它们不是每年都产生种子。人们需要做好准备。"否则,你就错过了机会,失去了所有种子,你得再等七年,"Kettle说。"这对东南亚的恢复来说是一个真正非常关键的问题,因为许多最重要的木材树种和树种——那些能固定最多碳的树种——它们都是间歇结实物种。"

第 4 段

Climate change is a driving factor in the push to restore forests, but it also raises questions, such as where trees can thrive in the future. Climate change is also expected to alter relationships between trees, insects, diseases and other forest species. "Insects that today are a minor problem may become a major problem if they can produce three or four generations in a year," says forest ecologist John Stanturf. This remains a significant knowledge gap. "We know enough to know that this is a concern, but we don't know enough about how to respond to it yet. That's a great area to be doing research." So is soil, says Cindy Prescott, a forest ecologist at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver. "If you don't look at the soil at the start, you can spend a lot of money and time putting in species that aren't going to survive there."

气候变化是推动森林恢复的驱动因素,但它也引发了一些问题,比如树木未来能在哪里茁壮生长。气候变化还预计会改变树木、昆虫、疾病和其他森林物种之间的关系。森林生态学家John Stanturf说:"今天是小问题的昆虫,如果它们一年能繁殖三四代,可能会成为大问题。"这仍然是一个重大的知识空白。"我们知道得足够多,知道这是一个值得关注的问题,但我们还不够了解如何应对它。这是一个很好的研究领域。"温哥华不列颠哥伦比亚大学的森林生态学家Cindy Prescott说,土壤也是如此。"如果你一开始不关注土壤,你可能会花费大量金钱和时间种植无法在那里存活的物种。"

第 5 段

With so much research left to do, leaders in the field have been doing some soul-searching, and acknowledging that restoration can be motivated by — and designed to meet — different needs. "When you talk about conservation or restoration, the first question has to be restoration by whom, for whom?" says Daniel Janzen, a biologist at the University of Pennsylvania

由于还有如此多的研究要做,该领域的领导者们一直在进行一些反思,并承认恢复可能是由不同的需求驱动的,并被设计来满足不同的需求。宾夕法尼亚大学的生物学家Daniel Janzen说:"当你谈论保护或恢复时,第一个问题必须是由谁恢复,为谁恢复?"

第 6 段

The question can have more than one answer. Much of the global funding for restoration is dedicated to developing it as a tool to mitigate climate change, notes restoration ecologist Pedro Brancalion. "But if you ask a farmer in Brazil if he or she is concerned about climate change, they would say, 'No, I am concerned about water,'" he says. Their interests as stewards of the land need to be better integrated with those who have the money to support restoration

这个问题可以有不止一个答案。恢复生态学家Pedro Brancalion指出,全球用于恢复的大部分资金致力于将其发展为缓解气候变化的工具。"但如果你问巴西的一个农民他或她是否关心气候变化,他们会说,'不,我关心的是水,'"他说。作为土地管理者,他们的利益需要与那些有资金支持恢复的人更好地整合。

第 7 段

That has been the strongest lesson of all for forest ecologist Robin Chazdon. Restoration is about more than what gets planted in the ground, she says. "Yes, it's about forests, but it's really about people. They are the agents of restoration."

这对森林生态学家Robin Chazdon来说是最深刻的教训。她说,恢复不仅仅是在地里种什么。"是的,它关乎森林,但它真正关乎的是人。他们是恢复的主体。"