28. What can we infer about languages in huntergatherer times?
- A. They developed very fast.
- B. They were large in number.
- C. They had similar patters.
- D. They were closely connected
答案：B
答案句：When the the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. … Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
参考译文：当世界仍由狩猎采集者居住时，小而紧密联系（联系）的群体发展出各自独立的言语模式。… 一些语言专家认为，一万年前，当世界只有五百万到一千万人口时，他们之间可能说着大约一万两千种语言。
定位线索：题干“huntergatherer times”→答案句取自第1段“hunter-gatherers”；文中“12,000 languages”对应选项B“large in number”；文中“independent of each other”排除选项C“similar patterns”
解析：题干问狩猎采集时代语言的情况，答案句指出当时人口仅五百万到一千万，却说着约一万两千种语言，数量庞大，因此可推断选项B正确。选项A“发展很快”原文未提及；选项C“相似模式”与原文“independent of each other”矛盾；选项D“紧密联系”偷换概念，原文指群体紧密联系而非语言。
29. Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in paragraph 2?
- A. Complex.
- B. Advanced.
- C. Powerful.
- D. Modem.
答案：C
答案句：Especially glbalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many Languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English. Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
参考译文：尤其是过去几十年的全球化和更好的通讯，都导致许多语言消失，而诸如英语、西班牙语和汉语等主导语言正日益占据主导地位。
定位线索：题干“dominant”→答案句取自第2段“dominant languages”；文中“taking over”对应选项C“Powerful”；文中“English, Spanish and Chinese”暗示其强势地位
解析：词义题需结合上下文，答案句提到这些语言“increasingly taking over”（日益取代其他语言），说明它们具有强大影响力，因此“dominant”意为“强大的”，对应选项C。选项A“复杂的”、B“先进的”、D“现代的”均无法从“taking over”推出，属于无中生有。
30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?
- A. About 6,800.
- B. About 3,400.
- C. About 2,400.
- D. About 1,200.
答案：B
答案句：The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6.000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
参考译文：说话者的中位数（中位数）仅为六千，这意味着世界上一半的语言的使用者少于这个数字。
定位线索：题干“less than 6,000 people”→答案句取自第3段“fewer people than that”；文中“half the worlds languages”对应选项B“About 3,400”（6800的一半）
解析：题干问少于6000人使用的语言数量，答案句明确说中位数是6000，即一半语言的使用者少于6000，世界共有约6800种语言，一半即约3400种，对应选项B。选项A是语言总数；选项C和D数字不符，属于范围错误。
31. What is the min idea of the text?
- A. New languages will be created.
- B. Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languages
- C. Human development results in fewer languages
- D. Geography determines language evolution.
答案：C
答案句：Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. … Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. … Especially glbalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many Languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English. Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
参考译文：语言已经来来去去数千年，但近代以来，新语言出现得少，而消失得多。… 不久之后，许多人开始定居成为农民，他们的语言也变得更加稳定且数量更少。… 尤其是过去几十年的全球化和更好的通讯，都导致许多语言消失，而诸如英语、西班牙语和汉语等主导语言正日益占据主导地位。
定位线索：题干“main idea”→首段“less coming and a lot more going”、第2段“fewer in number”、“caused many Languages to disappear”；文中“human development”（定居、全球化）对应选项C“Human development results in fewer languages”
解析：主旨题需概括全文，首段提出语言数量减少的趋势，第2段说明人类发展（农业、全球化等）导致语言消失，第3、4段用数据佐证，因此全文主旨是“人类发展导致语言减少”，对应选项C。选项A与原文“less coming”矛盾；选项B“生活方式反映在语言中”只是细节；选项D“地理决定语言演变”以偏概全，地理只是部分因素。