The Chinese nation values the spirit of self-reliance and self-improvement, which is deeply rooted in Chinese culture and serves as a vital support for the survival and development of the nation. Since the reform and opening-up, China has continued to increase its investment in scientific research on its journey toward self-reliance, and has kept making new breakthroughs in such fields as information technology, artificial intelligence and aerospace engineering. For example, 5G networks now cover the whole country, telemedicine is developing rapidly, and electronic payment is used more widely than anywhere else in the world; the Chang'e lunar exploration program also demonstrates remarkable progress in China's aerospace field. The spirit of self-reliance and self-improvement has become a powerful driving force behind the country's modernization, inspiring the Chinese people to keep forging ahead toward the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation.
逐句译法
1. 中华民族崇尚自强自立的精神，这一精神深植于中国文化之中，是民族生存与发展的重要支撑。
参考译法：The Chinese nation values the spirit of self-reliance and self-improvement, which is deeply rooted in Chinese culture and serves as a vital support for the survival and development of the nation.
主干：主干一：中华民族 崇尚 自强自立精神（主语策略：原句主语）这句中文其实是"一主多谓"：中华民族崇尚自强自立的精神 主语是"中华民族"、谓语"崇尚"(values/cherishes)、宾语"自强自立的精神"；后面 这一精神深植于中国文化之中，是民族生存与发展的重要支撑 的主语换成了"这一精神"。处理上可拆成两句，或以"the spirit"为枢纽用定语从句把后半句挂上去。主干立为 The Chinese nation values the spirit of self-reliance。
语法点：- 时态回指全篇基调用一般现在时：values/is rooted/serves 都用现在时，因为这是对一种长期成立事实的客观陈述。 - 语态"深植于"是"被植入"的含义，英文用被动 is deeply rooted in，比直译主动更地道。 - 搭配"是…的重要支撑"用 serve as a vital support for/provide vital support for；support 在此为不可数，前面用 a vital support 或不加冠词皆可，别误用复数 supports。
降级处理："深植""是支撑"降级为定语从句后两个分句 这一精神深植于中国文化之中，是民族生存与发展的重要支撑 都在补充说明"这一精神"，可降级成一个 which 引导的定语从句挂在 self-reliance 后：…the spirit of self-reliance, which is deeply rooted in Chinese culture and serves as a vital support for the nation's survival and development。两个补充信息(深植、是支撑)用 and 在从句内并列，而不是把整句拆成三段平铺。
参考译法：Since the reform and opening-up, China has continued to increase its investment in scientific research on its journey toward self-reliance, and has kept making new breakthroughs in such fields as information technology, artificial intelligence and aerospace engineering.
主干：中国 加大投入 并 取得突破（主语策略：原句主语）中国在自强自立的征程上，持续加大科研投入，在信息技术、人工智能、航天工程等领域不断取得新突破 主语明确是"中国"China；有两个核心动作"加大投入"和"取得突破"，可作两个并列谓语：China has continued to increase…and has made…。
语法点：- 时态本句偏离全篇基调：改革开放以来"持续""不断"表示从过去延续到现在的动作，用现在完成时 has continued to increase/has made，与 Since… 标志词搭配。 - 搭配"加大科研投入"用 increase/step up investment in research (and development)；"取得新突破"用 make new breakthroughs，breakthrough 可数、有"不断、新"之意故用复数 breakthroughs。 - 列举结构"在…等领域"用 in such fields as A, B and C 或 in fields including…；最后两项之间用 and，别全程逗号到底。
降级处理：两状语前置 + 两动作并列改革开放以来 译为时间状语 Since the reform and opening-up 前置；在自强自立的征程上 译为 on its journey toward self-reliance 作状语；在信息技术、人工智能、航天工程等领域 译为 in such fields as information technology, artificial intelligence and aerospace engineering，作 made breakthroughs 的地点状语后置。两个动作用 and 连成并列谓语，避免拆成两个零散短句。
参考译法：5G networks cover the whole country, telemedicine is developing rapidly, and electronic payment is used more widely than anywhere else in the world. The Chang'e lunar exploration program demonstrates remarkable progress in China's aerospace field.
语法点：- 时态回指全篇基调用一般现在时：cover/leads/demonstrates 都是对当下事实的陈述；"发展迅速"强调正在持续，可用现在进行 is developing rapidly。 - 单复数与主谓一致5G networks 用复数表泛指网络；the use of electronic payment 主语核心是 use(单数)，谓语用 leads；telemedicine 不可数，谓语用 is。逐句对一眼主语单复数再定谓语形式。 - 用词"覆盖全国"cover the whole country/has nationwide coverage；"远程医疗"telemedicine；"电子支付"electronic/digital payment；"引人注目的发展"remarkable/notable progress。
降级处理：四短句重组：前三可并列、末句独立成句前三个分句结构平行、信息密度相近，可用分号/and 串成并列：5G networks cover the whole country, telemedicine is developing rapidly, and the use of electronic payment leads the world；末句 嫦娥探月工程展现了航天领域引人注目的发展 信息较重，单独成句 The Chang'e lunar exploration program demonstrates remarkable progress in aerospace。避免四句一律逗号平铺成 run-on。
参考译法：The spirit of self-reliance and self-improvement has become a powerful driving force behind the country's modernization, inspiring the Chinese people to keep forging ahead toward the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation.
主干：自强自主精神 成为 强大动力（主语策略：原句主语）自强自主精神成为推动国家现代化进程的强大动力 主语"自强自主精神"(回指 glossary 统一译法 the spirit of self-reliance)、谓语"成为"has become/serves as、宾语"强大动力"a powerful driving force。主干立为 The spirit of self-reliance serves as a powerful driving force。
语法点：- 时态回指全篇基调用一般现在时 serves as/inspiring，陈述当下持续的作用；若想强调"已经成为"也可用现在完成 has become，与全篇协调即可。 - 非谓语逻辑主语现在分词 inspiring 的逻辑主语须与主句主语一致——都是 the spirit，符合，故 inspiring 用得稳；切勿让分词悬垂(主语错位)。 - 固定译名与搭配"民族复兴的中国梦"按 glossary 译 the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation(原文已给 rejuvenation 提示)；"不断奋进"用 strive/forge ahead；"现代化进程"the process of national modernization/modernization drive。
降级处理："激励…奋进"降级为现在分词状语后半句 激励着中国人民为实现民族复兴 (rejuvenation) 的中国梦不断奋进 是主语"精神"的又一动作，降级为现在分词短语 inspiring the Chinese people to strive… 作伴随状语，挂在主句后；"为实现…中国梦"译为目的状语 to realize the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation。避免用 and 再起一个并列谓语显得松散。
词汇与译名提示
自强自立／自强自主精神自强自立的精神 与后文 自强自主精神 指同一核心概念，全篇须统一译法，建议固定译为 the spirit of self-reliance and self-improvement(或简作 the spirit of self-reliance)，意译为主——"自强"对应 self-improvement/striving，"自立/自主"对应 self-reliance；切忌一会儿 self-reliance、一会儿 independence 来回换。
改革开放改革开放 是约定俗成的固定译名 the reform and opening-up，整段只用这一种，别自创 the reform and opening policy 之外再换说法。
嫦娥探月工程嫦娥探月工程 用约定俗成的官方译名 the Chang'e lunar exploration program，"嫦娥"音译为 Chang'e、"探月"意译为 lunar exploration。
民族复兴的中国梦民族复兴 (rejuvenation) 的中国梦 原文已给出 rejuvenation 提示词，统一译为 the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation，"中国梦"用约定俗成的 the Chinese Dream。
第1句与第2句之间：从"是什么"过渡到"怎么做"首句讲精神"是什么"，第二句 改革开放以来 转入具体成就，时间状语 Since the reform and opening-up 天然起到承接作用，已交代背景切换，无须再额外加关联词，顺承即可。
第3句开头：与第2句"领域突破"的衔接第二句概括说"在各领域取得突破"，第三句是这些突破的具体例证。可在第三句前补一个承接词如 For example/Specifically，把"概括—举例"的逻辑显化：For example, 5G networks cover the whole country…，让读者看出第三句是在为第二句举证。
第3句末与第4句：从"成就"升华到"意义"第三句罗列成就、第四句升华到"成为动力、激励奋进"。第四句主语 The spirit of self-reliance 回扣首句主题，自然完成"成就—精神意义"的回环，前可不加关联词，靠主语复现承接即可，使全篇首尾呼应。