In recent years, China's drone industry has been booming, with its export volume ranking first in the world. Chinese drones are popular with consumers around the world for their excellent stability, high-definition shooting capability and convenient operation, and have been widely used in civilian fields. Drones have been included by the state in strategic emerging industries, and are gradually becoming intelligent assistants that can meet the needs of various scenarios. In rural areas, drones can accurately identify crop diseases and pests, and efficiently spray pesticides. In cities, drones can quickly deliver fresh food. In the near future, drones will be able to realize their unique value in more fields, injecting new momentum into economic and social development.
逐句译法
1. 近年来,中国无人机(drone) 产业蓬勃发展,出口量跃升为全球第一。
参考译法:In recent years, China's drone industry has been booming, with its export volume ranking first in the world.
主干:产业蓬勃发展立为主谓,出口量降级(主语策略:原句主语)取中国无人机(drone) 产业蓬勃发展为主干:主语 China's drone industry,谓语 has developed rapidly / has been booming。出口量跃升为全球第一是伴随的另一层信息,不抢谓语位置。
语法点:- 时态近年来是"从过去持续到现在"的标记,本句偏离全篇一般现在时基调,用现在完成时 has developed / has been booming;这正是通读时圈出的偏离点之一。 - 单复数export volume(出口量)作不可数概念用单数;ranking 的逻辑主语是 volume,用单数名词即可。 - 专名统一主语按 glossary 定稿写 China's drone industry,全篇首现即锁定,后文不再另译。
降级处理:出口量分句降级为 with 结构出口量跃升为全球第一与主句主语不同(换成了"出口量"),最省力的地道处理是降级为 with 独立结构:with its export volume ranking first in the world,用 its 回指产业,避免再造一个并列整句。近年来放句首作时间状语 In recent years。
参考译法:Chinese drones are popular with consumers around the world for their excellent stability, high-definition shooting capability and convenient operation, and have been widely used in civilian fields.
主干:无人机受到喜爱立为被动主谓(主语策略:转被动)中文受到全球消费者的喜爱里"无人机"是动作的承受者,英文主语用 Chinese drones,谓语用被动色彩的 are popular with / are favored by,承受者提作主语;在民用领域得到广泛应用同样是"得到……应用",被动共享同一主语,接成 and have been widely used。
语法点:- 语态"受到喜爱""得到应用"两处都须落实被动:are popular with / have been widely used;主体考生最易把"得到广泛应用"漏译成主动 use widely,主客颠倒。 - 单复数无人机此处泛指一类产品,drones 用复数;对应物主代词用 their,三处名词短语 stability(不可数)、capability(单数)、operation(单数)各按其可数性处理。 - 并列一致for 后三个名词短语词性对齐:stability / shooting capability / operation 都是名词性,不要混进形容词或从句。 - 时态陈述普遍事实,回全篇基调用一般现在时 are popular;后半"得到应用"表截至目前的状态,用现在完成时被动 have been widely used,属有据偏离。
降级处理:"以……"三个名词短语降级为 for 原因状语以出色的稳 定性、高清 (high-definition)拍摄能力和便捷的操作是受喜爱的原因,降级为 for + 三个并列名词短语:for their excellent stability, high-definition shooting capability and convenient operation;三个短语保持名词性词性一致,别一个写成从句一个写成短语。在民用领域得到广泛应用降级为并列谓语 and have been widely used in civilian fields。
3. 无人机已被国家纳入战略性新兴产业,逐步成为能满足多种场景需求的智能助手。
参考译法:Drones have been included by the state in strategic emerging industries, and are gradually becoming intelligent assistants that can meet the needs of various scenarios.
主干:无人机被纳入立为被动主干(主语策略:转被动)已被国家纳入战略性新兴产业的施事是"国家"、承受者是"无人机",英文把承受者提作主语:Drones have been included by the state in strategic emerging industries;后半逐步成为能满足多种场景需求的智能助手主语仍是无人机,接并列谓语 and are gradually becoming intelligent assistants。
语法点:- 时态"已"字是完成时标记,have been included 用现在完成时被动,呼应通读时圈出的偏离点;后半"逐步成为"是进行中的趋势,用现在进行时 are becoming。 - 语态"被纳入"必须落实为 be included in;注意英文被动使用率远高于中文"被"字句,这里照译被动正好地道。 - 介词搭配"纳入……(行列)"搭配 be included in / be incorporated into;strategic emerging industries 按 glossary 定稿,industries 用复数。
降级处理:长定语"能满足……的"降级为定语从句能满足多种场景需求的是长定语,中文搁在"智能助手"前,英文形合不允许长定语前置,降级为后置定语从句 that can meet the needs of various scenarios 挂在 assistants 后;逐步译副词 gradually 嵌进第二个谓语。
4. 在农村,无人机可精准识别农作物病虫害,高效喷洒农药。
参考译法:In rural areas, drones can accurately identify crop diseases and pests, and efficiently spray pesticides.
主干:无人机带两个并列谓语(主语策略:原句主语)主语明确:drones;精准识别农作物病虫害与高效喷洒农药是同一主语的两个能力,留作 and 连接的并列谓语 can accurately identify ... and efficiently spray ...,不必再降级。
降级处理:简单句直译,与上句保持对仗本句成分单一无需降级;唯一要做的是与上一句在农村对仗:上句用 In rural areas 开头,本句用 In cities 开头,保留中文的平行结构,这是白送的连贯分。
6. 在不久的将来,无人机能够在更多领域实现其独特价值,为经济社会发展注入新动能。
参考译法:In the near future, drones will be able to realize their unique value in more fields, injecting new momentum into economic and social development.
主干:无人机实现价值立为主谓宾(主语策略:原句主语)主语 drones,谓语 will be able to realize,宾语 their unique value(实现其独特价值),状语 in more fields(在更多领域);在不久的将来是将来时信号,谓语先按 will 写。
语法点:- 时态在不久的将来明确指向未来,本句偏离基调用一般将来时 will be able to;doing 短语 injecting 不涉及时态变化,随主句即可。 - 代词"其独特价值"的"其"回指 drones,用 their unique value,代词单复数与先行词一致。 - 介词搭配注入新动能按 glossary 用 inject new momentum into...;"经济社会发展"合译 economic and social development,development 不可数。
降级处理:"为……注入动能"降级为 doing 结果状语为经济社会发展注入新动能是实现价值带来的结果,主语仍是无人机,降级为现在分词短语 injecting new momentum into economic and social development 挂主句后,用逗号隔开;不要再起 and 并列句,分词结构才显出"实现价值→带动发展"的因果层次。
词汇与译名提示
中国无人机产业中国无人机(drone) 产业统一译作 China's drone industry。drone 一词原文已给出,直接沿用;"产业"译 industry,全篇不再换成 business / sector,避免一词两译。
战略性新兴产业战略性新兴产业是政策固定表述,约定俗成译法为 strategic emerging industries;industries 用复数,因为它指一类产业的集合,不要自造 new strategic industries 之类的译名。
民用领域民用领域统一译 civilian fields(或 the civilian sector),与 military 相对用 civilian;不要在同篇一会儿 civil 一会儿 civilian。
农作物病虫害农作物病虫害是"病害+虫害"的合称,意译为 crop diseases and pests,两个名词都用复数表泛指;不要硬译成 disease insects。
新动能注入新动能的"新动能"译 new momentum(不可数)或 new driving force,全篇取 new momentum 一种即可;"注入"搭配 inject...into...,比 give 更正式贴合语体。