46. What does the author want to emphasise in the first paragraph?
- A. The year 2020 was a big turning point in human history.
- B. Economic growth benefits people little in the long run.
- C. It is unwise to weaken the human connection to nature.
- D. It is harmful to mankind to use human-made materials.
答案：C
答案句：The weakening of the human connection to nature might be good for economic growth but is bad for people. … Continuing to grow concrete forests rather than real ones is shortsighted.
参考译文：人类与自然联系的减弱可能对经济增长有好处，但对人类却是有害的。……继续发展混凝土森林而不是真正的森林是目光短浅的。
定位线索：题干“first paragraph”→答案句取自第1段“The weakening of the human connection to nature might be good for economic growth but is bad for people”；文中“bad for people”对应选项C“unwise to weaken the human connection to nature”。
解析：题干问第一段作者想强调什么。答案句直接指出人类与自然联系的减弱对人们有害，且继续建造混凝土森林是短视的，因此选项C“削弱人与自然的联系是不明智的”是正确答案。选项A“2020年是历史转折点”只是文中举例，并非强调重点；选项B“经济增长长期对人们好处少”曲解了原文“might be good for economic growth”；选项D“使用人造材料对人类有害”范围扩大，原文仅指其重量超过地球生命。
49. What do we learn from the passage about vegetable planting?
- A. It all started in 1649 in Southern England.
- B. It is protected by US government regulations.
- C. It has long been used to increase food supply and improve urban landscape.
- D. It has been popularised worldwide with the increasing influence of social media.
答案：C
答案句：Vegetable planting has a respectable tradition. In April 1649, locals responded to high prices and food shortages by cultivating vegetables on common land in Southern England. The practice of throwing seed bombs to turn vacant plots of land green took off in 1970s New York, and has been revived (使复活) by green-thumbed (有园艺才能的) social media influencers who defy local US regulations in a war on ugly spots in cities.
参考译文：蔬菜种植有着可敬的传统。1649年4月，当地人通过在南英格兰的公共土地上种植蔬菜来应对高物价和食物短缺。将种子炸弹抛向空地使其变绿的做法在20世纪70年代的纽约兴起，并已被有园艺才能的社交媒体影响者复兴，他们无视美国地方法规，向城市丑陋地带宣战。
定位线索：题干“vegetable planting”→答案句取自第4段“responded to high prices and food shortages”和“turn vacant plots of land green”；文中“responded to high prices and food shortages”对应选项C“increase food supply”，“turn vacant plots of land green”对应“improve urban landscape”。
解析：题干问关于蔬菜种植我们能了解到什么。答案句提到1649年人们种植蔬菜应对食物短缺，以及后来用种子炸弹美化空地，说明蔬菜种植长期被用于增加食物供应和改善城市景观，因此选项C正确。选项A“始于1649年”过于绝对，原文说“has a respectable tradition”，1649年只是例子；选项B“受美国政府法规保护”与原文“defy local US regulations”相反；选项D“因社交媒体影响而全球普及”范围扩大，原文仅提到美国。
50. What can publicly accessible fruit and vegetable gardens do apart from their practical functions?
- A. Raise people's environmental awareness.
- B. Add to the great variety of plant species.
- C. Act as the first defence against natural disasters.
- D. Enhance people's community spirit.
答案：D
答案句：Apart from the urgent task of providing more healthy nutrients to those who increasingly can't afford them, publicly accessible fruit and vegetable gardens connect what we eat to where it comes from-the means of production, if you will. They can make unlovely spaces lovely, and marry use and beauty as well as help promote a sense of community.
参考译文：除了为那些越来越负担不起健康营养品的人提供更多健康营养这一紧迫任务外，公共可及的果蔬园将我们所吃的与来源联系起来——如果你愿意，可以说是生产方式。它们能让不讨人喜欢的空间变得可爱，将实用与美观结合，并有助于促进社区意识。
定位线索：题干“apart from their practical functions”→答案句取自第5段“help promote a sense of community”；文中“promote a sense of community”对应选项D“Enhance people's community spirit”。
解析：题干问公共果蔬园除实际功能外还能做什么。答案句明确指出它们能“help promote a sense of community”，即增强社区精神，因此选项D正确。选项A“提高环保意识”无中生有；选项B“增加植物种类”偷换概念，原文是“species loss”的防御；选项C“作为自然灾害的第一道防线”偷换概念，原文是“against species loss and climate change”，非自然灾害。