48. What do we learn from the findings of the Duke study?
- A. Modest students are generally more attentive than their contemporaries.
- B. There are more children with attention difficulties than previously thought.
- C. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder accounts for most academic failures.
- D. Children's academic performance may suffer from even slight inattention.
答案：D
答案句：“The children we identified as having attention difficulties were not diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder（注意力缺乏多动症）（ADHD）, although some may have had the disorder. Our findings suggest that even more modest attention … ”
参考译文：“我们识别出的有注意力困难的孩子并未被诊断为注意力缺乏多动症（ADHD），尽管其中一些人可能患有该障碍。我们的研究结果表明，即使是更轻微的注意力问题……”
定位线索：题干“Duke study findings”→答案句取自研究结论“Our findings suggest that even more modest attention...”；文中“even more modest attention”对应选项D“even slight inattention”；文中“attention difficulties”对应选项D“inattention”。
解析：题干问从杜克大学研究的发现中得知什么。答案句明确指出“Our findings suggest that even more modest attention...”，即即使是更轻微的注意力问题也会影响学业，这与选项D“Children's academic performance may suffer from even slight inattention”（孩子的学业表现可能因轻微注意力不集中而受损）直接对应。选项A无中生有，文中未比较谦虚学生与同龄人的注意力；选项B无中生有，文中未提及注意力困难儿童数量；选项C偷换概念，文中明确说这些儿童未被诊断为ADHD，且ADHD并非学业失败的主要原因。
50. What can we conclude from the Duke study?
- A. Children's success is related to their learning environment.
- B. School curriculum should cover a greater variety of subjects.
- C. Social skills are playing a key role in children's development.
- D. An all-round approach should be adopted in school education.
答案：D
答案句：“We're learning that student success requires a more comprehensive approach, one that incorporates not only academic skills but also social, self-regulatory and attention skills,” Dodge said. “If we neglect any of these areas, the child's development lags. If we attend to these areas, a child's success may reinforce itself with positive feedback loops.”
参考译文：“我们认识到，学生的成功需要更全面的方法，不仅包含学业技能，还包含社交、自我调节和注意力技能，”道奇说。“如果我们忽视其中任何一个领域，孩子的发展就会滞后。如果我们关注这些领域，孩子的成功可能会通过积极的反馈循环自我强化。”
定位线索：题干“What can we conclude from the Duke study”→答案句“student success requires a more comprehensive approach”；文中“comprehensive approach”对应选项D“an all-round approach should be adopted”。
解析：题干问从研究中能得出什么结论，答案句强调学生成功需要更全面的方法，涵盖学业、社交、自我调节和注意力技能，对应选项D“应采取全面方法”。选项A“学习环境”未提；选项B“课程多样性”无中生有；选项C“社交技能起关键作用”只是部分内容，范围缩小。