48. What does the author say about news broadcasts in America?
- A. They attract far fewer viewers than reality TV.
- B. They are bent on reporting the dark side of life.
- C. They stand in striking contrast with reality TV.
- D. They focus on Americans' economic hardships.
答案：A
答案句：And while these programmes are regularly among the most-watched shows, news broadcasts-which paint a more realistic view of the economic hardship faced by millions of Americans-get a much smaller proportion of the viewership.
参考译文：虽然这些节目经常位居收视率最高之列，但新闻广播——它们描绘了数百万美国人面临的经济困难的更真实图景——获得的收视份额却小得多。
定位线索：题干“news broadcasts”对应文中“news broadcasts”；文中“much smaller proportion of the viewership”对应选项A“far fewer viewers than reality TV”。
解析：答案句对比了现实节目和新闻广播的收视率，指出新闻广播“much smaller proportion”，对应A项。B项“bent on reporting the dark side”程度过重；C项“striking contrast”无中生有；D项“focus on”偷换概念，原文只说“paint a more realistic view”。
49. What can we infer from the passage about Republicans in general?
- A. They believe strongly in the American Dream.
- B. They strive to climb the socio-economic ladder.
- C. They have a very strong affiliation with their party.
- D. They tend to watch more rags-to-riches TV shows.
答案：A
答案句：Interestingly, when participants were separated by party affiliation, this effect was significant among Republicans but not Democrats, suggesting that the kind of messages implicit in these TV shows may play into people's existing socioeconomic beliefs.
参考译文：有趣的是，当参与者按党派归属划分时，这种效应在共和党人中显著，而在民主党人中不显著，这表明这些电视节目中隐含的信息可能迎合了人们现有的社会经济信念。
定位线索：题干“Republicans”对应文中“Republicans”；文中“significant among Republicans”和“play into people's existing socioeconomic beliefs”对应选项A“believe strongly in the American Dream”。
解析：答案句指出共和党人观看节目后信念增强，且节目信息迎合其现有信念，可推断共和党人本就强烈相信美国梦，对应A项。B项“strive to climb”无中生有；C项“strong affiliation”答非所问；D项“watch more”偷换概念，原文只说效应显著。
50. What is stated about people who believe in upward mobility?
- A. They are likely to blame the government for their plight.
- B. They regard political consequences as anything but trivial.
- C. They respect individuals striving to climb the social ladder.
- D. They are less likely to approve of policies to fight inequality.
答案：D
答案句：And here's the problem: if people mistakenly believe that hard work is all that is needed for individuals to make a better life for themselves, they may be less supportive of policies that could actually combat inequality.
参考译文：问题就在这里：如果人们错误地认为努力工作是个人改善生活的唯一所需，他们可能就不太支持那些实际上能对抗不平等的政策。
定位线索：题干“people who believe in upward mobility”对应文中“people mistakenly believe that hard work is all that is needed”；文中“less supportive of policies that could actually combat inequality”对应选项D“less likely to approve of policies to fight inequality”。
解析：答案句直接说明相信向上流动的人“less supportive of policies...combat inequality”，对应D项。A项“blame the government”无中生有；B项“political consequences”张冠李戴；C项“respect individuals”无中生有。