Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)
Most people would define optimism as being endlessly happy, with a glass that’s perpetually half full. But that’s exactly the kind of false cheerfulness that positive psychologists wouldn’t recommend. “Healthy optimism means being in touch with reality,” says Tal Ben-Shahar, a Harvard professor. According to Ben-Shahar, realistic optimists are those who make the best of things that happen, but not those who believe everything happens for the best.
大多数人会把乐观主义定义为无止境地快乐，就像杯子永远半满一样。但这恰恰是积极心理学家不会提倡的那种虚假的快活。哈佛大学教授塔尔·本-沙哈尔说：「健康的乐观主义意味着贴近现实。」据本-沙哈尔所说，现实的乐观主义者是那些把发生的事尽量往好处办的人，而不是那 些相信一切发生都自有最好安排的人。
Ben-Shahar uses three optimistic exercises. When he feels down – say, after giving a bad lecture – he grants himself permission to be human. He reminds himself that not every lecture can be a Nobel winner; some will be less effective than others. Next is reconstruction. He analyzes the weak lecture, learning lessons for the future about what works and what doesn’t. Finally, there is perspective, which involves acknowledging that in the grand scheme of life, one lecture really doesn’t matter.
本-沙哈尔采用三种乐观练习。当他情绪低落时——比如讲砸了一堂课之后——他会允许自己有常人的不完美。他提醒自己，并非每堂课都能堪称诺贝尔奖级别的杰作，有些课的效果总会比另一 些差。接下来是重构（复盘）。他会分析那堂讲得不好的课，从中总结经验，弄清哪些做法有效、哪些无效，为今后 所用。最后是用全局眼光看待，也就是承认：从人生大局来看，一堂课其实无足轻重。