26. The author expressed great surprise at some scientists’ ____
- A. unwillingness to cut carbon emissions.
- B. intention to reduce their research.
- C. suspicions about sustainable energy.
- D. waste of electricity in their projects.
答案：B
答案句：I was shocked to learn recently that some scientists want to scale back their research in an effort to decrease carbon emissions. The crisis is here, they said, and we need to cut back on our energy-intensive modelling.
参考译文：我最近震惊地得知，一些科学家为了减少碳排放而想要缩减他们的研究。他们说，危机就在这里，我们需要削减我们能源密集型的建模。
定位线索：题干“expressed great surprise”→文中“I was shocked”；题干“some scientists'”→文中“some scientists want to”；文中“scale back their research”对应选项B“intention to reduce their research”（缩减研究）。
解析：题干问作者对某些科学家的什么感到惊讶。答案句首句直接说“I was shocked to learn that some scientists want to scale back their research”，其中“scale back their research”与选项B“intention to reduce their research”同义，故B正确。选项A“unwillingness to cut carbon emissions”与原文相反，科学家正是为了减排而缩减研究；C“suspicions about sustainable energy”和D“waste of electricity”在原文中无依据，属于无中生有。
27. The author believes that carbon emissions from research ____
- A. have caused grave consequences.
- B. have aroused groundless worries.
- C. are hard to handle at present.
- D. are justifiable in the long run.
答案：D
答案句：However, this is a price we must pay for understanding the world. … The carbon emissions from technological research are well spent: ultimately this research will safeguard the future of our planet.
参考译文：然而，这是我们必须为理解世界付出的代价。……技术研究产生的碳排放是值得的：最终这项研究将保护我们地球的未来。
定位线索：题干“carbon emissions from research”→文中“The carbon emissions from technological research”；文中“well spent”和“safeguard the future”对应选项D“justifiable in the long run”（从长远看是合理的）。
解析：题干问作者对研究产生的碳排放的看法。答案句明确说“The carbon emissions from technological research are well spent”，即认为这些排放是值得的、合理的，与选项D“justifiable in the long run”对应。选项A“grave consequences”与作者观点相反，作者认为有益；B“groundless worries”文中未提；C“hard to handle”文中未提，均无依据。
28. The example of Green in Paragraph 5 is used to illustrate ____
- A. the achievements of great scientists.
- B. the urgency of addressing climate change.
- C. the rewards of scientific endeavours.
- D. the value of fostering human ingenuity.
答案：C
答案句：Recognising the hope that science and engineering can bring was the impetus behind the creation of the Millennium Technology Prize, which is now entering its 20th year as a celebration of human ingenuity. One of the past winners, Professor Martin Green from the University of New South Wales, Australia, is the inventor of the Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell technology which is now found in most of the world's solar panels. Thanks to his invention, we have a real chance to decrease the world's carbon emissions.
参考译文：认识到科学和工程能带来的希望是设立千年技术奖的推动力，该奖现已进入第20个年头，是对人类创造力的庆祝。过去的获奖者之一，澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的马丁·格林教授，是钝化发射极和背面电池技术的发明者，该技术现在用于世界上大多数太阳能电池板。多亏了他的发明，我们才有了真正减少世界碳排放的机会。
定位线索：题干“example of Green in Paragraph 5”→文中“One of the past winners, Professor Martin Green”；例子前的观点句“Recognising the hope that science and engineering can bring”和例子后的“Thanks to his invention, we have a real chance to decrease the world's carbon emissions”对应选项C“the rewards of scientific endeavours”（科学努力的回报）。
解析：题干问格林教授的例子用来说明什么。例证题的答案依据是例子前后的观点句。例子前说“Recognising the hope that science and engineering can bring”，例子后说“Thanks to his invention, we have a real chance to decrease the world's carbon emissions”，这些表明科学努力带来了实际回报，对应选项C。选项A“the achievements of great scientists”只是例子本身，不是要说明的观点；B“the urgency of addressing climate change”和D“the value of fostering human ingenuity”虽在文中出现，但并非该例子的直接说明对象，属于偷换概念。
29. It can be learned from the last two paragraphs that LUMI ____
- A. is a model of sustainability efforts.
- B. is a triumph against energy shortage.
- C. owes much to global net-zero initiatives.
- D. aims to explore the power of intelligence.
答案：A
答案句：A great example of this is Europe's largest supercomputer, LUMI in Finland, which is astonishingly carbon-negative. Established in an old paper mill, it is powered by a nearby river and its remote heat warms the people who live in the surrounding town of Kajaani. If the world is to meet its net-zero ambitions, we must think hard about how we can deliver sustainable computing and deliver more LUMIs.
参考译文：这方面的一个很好的例子是欧洲最大的超级计算机——芬兰的LUMI，它惊人地实现了碳负排放。它建在一家旧造纸厂里，由附近的河流供电，其远程热量为周边卡亚尼镇的居民供暖。如果世界要实现净零排放的雄心，我们必须认真思考如何实现可持续计算，并交付更多像LUMI这样的系统。
定位线索：题干“last two paragraphs”→答案句取自第6、7段；文中“carbon-negative”“powered by a nearby river”“sustainable computing”对应选项A“a model of sustainability efforts”（可持续努力的典范）。
解析：题干问从最后两段可以得知LUMI的什么信息。答案句描述LUMI“astonishingly carbon-negative”，由河流供电、余热供暖，并说“we must think hard about how we can deliver sustainable computing”，这些都表明LUMI是可持续性的典范，对应选项A。选项B“triumph against energy shortage”文中未提能源短缺；C“owes much to global net-zero initiatives”因果颠倒，LUMI是实现净零目标的例子而非其产物；D“aims to explore the power of intelligence”偷换概念，文中说“power our intelligence”指用能，而非探索智能。
30. Which of the following statements would the author agree with?
- A. Emission-free modelling demands extra funding.
- B. The need for supercomputers is difficult to meet.
- C. Energy-intensive research work is inevitable.
- D. The goals of researchers ought to be realistic.
答案：C
答案句：It is unarguable that our laboratories, scientific instruments, rockets and satellites — the tools we scientists need to measure the planet's pulse — demand significant amounts of energy both in their construction and operation. … However, this is a price we must pay for understanding the world.
参考译文：无可争辩的是，我们的实验室、科学仪器、火箭和卫星——我们科学家测量地球脉搏所需的工具——在建造和运行中都需要大量能源。……然而，这是我们必须为理解世界付出的代价。
定位线索：题干“the author agree with”→文中“It is unarguable that”和“this is a price we must pay”；文中“demand significant amounts of energy”和“must pay”对应选项C“Energy-intensive research work is inevitable”（能源密集型研究工作不可避免）。
解析：题干问作者会同意以下哪个说法。答案句说科学研究工具“demand significant amounts of energy”，且“this is a price we must pay”，表明作者认为能源密集型研究是不可避免的，对应选项C。选项A“Emission-free modelling demands extra funding”文中未提资金；B“The need for supercomputers is difficult to meet”文中未提需求难以满足；D“The goals of researchers ought to be realistic”文中未提目标现实性，均无中生有。