31. Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein is mentioned because it
- A. fascinates AI scientists all over the world.
- B. has remained popular for as long as 200 years.
- C. involves some concerns raised by AI today.
- D. has sparked serious ethical controversies.
答案：C
答案句：This year marks exactly two centuries since the publication of “Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus,” by Mary Shelley. … Even before the invention of the electric light bulb, the author produced a remarkable work of speculative fiction that would foreshadow many ethical questions to be raised by technologies yet to come.
参考译文：今年正值玛丽·雪莱出版《弗兰肯斯坦，或现代的普罗米修斯》整整两百年。… 甚至在电灯泡发明之前，这位作者就创作了一部非凡的思辨小说，预示了未来技术将引发的许多伦理问题。
定位线索：题干“Frankenstein is mentioned because”→答案句取自第1段“the author produced a remarkable work of speculative fiction that would foreshadow many ethical questions to be raised by technologies yet to come”；文中“foreshadow many ethical questions”对应选项C“involves some concerns raised by AI today”。
解析：题干问提及《弗兰肯斯坦》的原因，答案句指出该小说“预示了未来技术将引发的许多伦理问题”，而文中前文提到AI技术，因此正确选项C是对此的同义转述。例子本身（小说出版）不是答案依据，例子后面的观点句“would foreshadow many ethical questions”才是关键。选项A“吸引全球AI科学家”无中生有；选项B“流行200年”是事实但非提及目的；选项D“引发严重伦理争议”程度过重，原文是“预示”而非“引发”。
32. In David Eagleman’s opinion, our current knowledge of consciousness
- A. helps explain artificial intelligence.
- B. can be misleading to robot making.
- C. inspires popular sci-fi TV series.
- D. is too limited for us to reproduce it.
答案：D
答案句：Just how people think is still far too complex to be understood, let alone reproduced, says David Eagleman, a Stanford University neuroscientist.
参考译文：斯坦福大学神经科学家大卫·伊格尔曼表示，人类思维的方式仍然过于复杂，难以理解，更不用说复制了。
定位线索：题干“David Eagleman’s opinion, our current knowledge of consciousness”→答案句取自第4段“Just how people think is still far too complex to be understood, let alone reproduced”；文中“too complex to be understood, let alone reproduced”对应选项D“is too limited for us to reproduce it”。
解析：题干问伊格尔曼对意识知识的看法，答案句明确说“过于复杂，难以理解，更不用说复制”，直接对应选项D“太有限以至于无法复制”。选项A“帮助解释AI”与原文相反；选项B“对机器人制造有误导”无中生有；选项C“激发科幻剧”是第3段内容，答非所问。
33. The solution to the ethical issues brought by autonomous vehicles
- A. can hardly ever be found.
- B. is still beyond our capacity.
- C. causes little public concern.
- D. has aroused much curiosity.
答案：B
答案句：The coming use of autonomous vehicles, for example, poses thorny ethical questions. … AI “vision” today is not nearly as sophisticated as that of humans. And to anticipate every imaginable driving situation is a difficult programming problem.
参考译文：例如，自动驾驶汽车即将投入使用，带来了棘手的伦理问题。… 如今AI的“视觉”远不如人类那么复杂。而要预想每一种可想象的驾驶情境是一个困难的编程问题。
定位线索：题干“solution to the ethical issues brought by autonomous vehicles”→答案句取自第5段“to anticipate every imaginable driving situation is a difficult programming problem”；文中“difficult programming problem”对应选项B“is still beyond our capacity”。
解析：题干问自动驾驶汽车伦理问题的解决方案，答案句指出“预想每一种驾驶情境是困难的编程问题”，说明目前能力不足，对应选项B“仍超出我们的能力”。选项A“几乎无法找到”程度过重，原文只说“困难”而非“不可能”；选项C“很少引起公众关注”无中生有；选项D“引起很多好奇”与问题无关。
34. The author’s attitude toward Google’s pledges is one of
- A. affirmation.
- B. skepticism.
- C. contempt.
- D. respect.
答案：A
答案句：While the statement is vague, it represents one starting point. So does the idea that decisions made by AI systems should be explainable, transparent, and fair.
参考译文：尽管这一声明含糊不清，但它代表了一个起点。同样，AI系统做出的决策应该是可解释、透明和公平的这一想法也是如此。
定位线索：题干“author’s attitude toward Google’s pledges”→答案句取自第8段“While the statement is vague, it represents one starting point”；文中“represents one starting point”对应选项A“affirmation”。
解析：题干问作者对谷歌承诺的态度，答案句虽承认“含糊”，但强调“代表一个起点”，且后续“同样”表示认可，整体是肯定态度，对应选项A“肯定”。选项B“怀疑”与“代表起点”矛盾；选项C“轻蔑”和选项D“尊重”均无依据，作者未表达强烈情感。
35. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
- A. AI’s Future: In the Hands of Tech Giants
- B. Frankenstein, the Novel Predicting the Age of AI
- C. The Conscience of AI: Complex But Inevitable
- D. AI Shall Be Killers Once Out of Control
答案：C
答案句：This year marks exactly two centuries since the publication of “Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus,” by Mary Shelley. … Today the rapid growth of artificial intelligence (AI) raises fundamental questions: “What is intelligence, identity, or consciousness? What makes humans humans? ” … But that doesn't mean crucial ethical issues involving AI aren't at hand. … While the statement is vague, it represents one starting point. So does the idea that decisions made by AI systems should be explainable, transparent, and fair. … To put it another way: How can we make sure that the thinking of intelligent machines reflects humanity’s highest values? Only then will they be useful servants and not Frankenstein’s out-of-control monster.
参考译文：今年恰逢玛丽·雪莱出版《弗兰肯斯坦；或现代普罗米修斯》两百周年。… 如今人工智能的快速发展提出了根本性问题：“什么是智能、身份或意识？是什么让人类成为人类？” … 但这并不意味着涉及人工智能的关键伦理问题不在眼前。… 尽管声明含糊，但它代表了一个起点。同样，人工智能系统做出的决定应当可解释、透明且公平这一想法也是一个起点。… 换句话说：我们如何确保智能机器的思维反映人类的最高价值观？只有这样，它们才会成为有用的仆人，而不是弗兰肯斯坦失控的怪物。
定位线索：题干“best title”对应全文主旨；文中“ethical issues involving AI”、“decisions made by AI systems should be explainable, transparent, and fair”、“reflects humanity’s highest values”对应选项C“The Conscience of AI: Complex But Inevitable”（AI的良知：复杂但不可避免）。
解析：本题为主旨题。文章首段以《弗兰肯斯坦》引出AI引发的伦理问题，中间段落讨论AI的复杂性（如人类思维难以理解、AI视觉不如人类）和各国及公司制定伦理准则，末段强调确保AI反映人类价值观的重要性。选项C“The Conscience of AI: Complex But Inevitable”概括了文章核心：AI伦理问题复杂但必须面对。选项A“AI的未来：掌握在科技巨头手中”范围过窄，文章虽提及科技公司但非主旨；选项B“《弗兰肯斯坦》，预测AI时代的小说”仅涉及首段引入，以偏概全；选项D“AI一旦失控将成为杀手”程度过重且非文章重点。