31. Robert F. Kennedy is cited because he
- A. praised the UK for its GDP.
- B. identified GDP with happiness.
- C. misinterpreted the role of GDP.
- D. had a low opinion of GDP.
答案：D
答案句：Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country’s GDP measures “everything except that which makes life worthwhile.” With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.
参考译文：罗伯特·F·肯尼迪曾说，一个国家的GDP衡量的是“除了使生活有价值的一切之外的一切”。随着英国投票脱离欧盟，且GDP预计将因此放缓，现在正是评估他指的是什么的适时时机。
定位线索：题干“Robert F. Kennedy is cited”→答案句取自首段引语；文中“GDP measures 'everything except that which makes life worthwhile'”对应选项D“had a low opinion of GDP”（对GDP评价低）。
解析：例证题。例子本身是肯尼迪的引语，但答案依据是引语后的观点句“it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to”，表明作者引用是为了引出对GDP局限性的讨论。引语中“everything except that which makes life worthwhile”直接说明GDP忽略了生活价值，体现对GDP的负面评价，对应D。A“praised”与原文相反；B“identified GDP with happiness”偷换概念，原文说GDP不包含幸福；C“misinterpreted”无中生有，原文未说肯尼迪误解GDP。
32. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that
- A. the UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern.
- B. GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK.
- C. the UK will contribute less to the world economy.
- D. policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP.
答案：B
答案句：The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century. Many argue that it is a flawed concept. It measures things that do not matter and misses things that do. By most recent measures, the UK’s GDP has been the envy of the Western world, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so well, then why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country’s economic prospects?
参考译文：GDP及其有用性的问题困扰了政策制定者半个多世纪。许多人认为它是一个有缺陷的概念。它衡量无关紧要的东西，却遗漏了重要的东西。按最近的大多数衡量标准，英国的GDP一直是西方世界的羡慕对象，失业率创纪录低，增长数字高。如果一切进展如此顺利，那么为什么超过1700万人投票支持脱欧，尽管有警告说这可能对他们国家的经济前景造成影响？
定位线索：题干“inferred from Paragraph 2”→答案句取自第2段；文中“Many argue that it is a flawed concept”和“why did over 17 million people vote for Brexit”对应选项B“GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK”（GDP作为成功衡量标准在英国被广泛质疑）。
解析：推理题。第2段先指出GDP概念有缺陷，再以英国GDP表现好但大量民众投票脱欧的矛盾，暗示民众对GDP衡量成功的质疑，可推出B。A“reluctant to remold”无中生有，原文未提经济模式重塑；C“contribute less to the world economy”范围扩大，原文只说GDP预计放缓；D“policymakers paying less attention”与原文“annoyed policymakers”矛盾，政策制定者关注GDP但对其不满。
33. Which of the following is true about the recent annual study?
- A. It is sponsored by 163 countries.
- B. It excludes GDP as an indicator.
- C. Its criteria are questionable.
- D. Its results are enlightening.
答案：D
答案句：A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.
参考译文：一项关于各国将增长转化为福祉能力的近期年度研究为那个问题提供了一些启示。在被衡量的163个国家中，英国在确保经济增长转化为公民有意义的改善方面表现最差之一。研究没有仅仅关注GDP，而是衡量了来自健康、教育和公民社会参与的40多套不同标准，以更全面地评估各国的表现。
定位线索：题干“recent annual study”→答案句取自第3段；文中“sheds some light on that question”对应选项D“Its results are enlightening”（其结果具有启发性）。
解析：细节题。答案句首句“sheds some light on that question”意为“为问题提供启示”，直接对应D“enlightening”。A“sponsored by 163 countries”偷换概念，原文说“Across the 163 countries measured”，是衡量范围而非赞助；B“excludes GDP”与原文“Rather than just focusing on GDP”矛盾，原文说不仅关注GDP，并非排除；C“criteria are questionable”无中生有，原文未质疑标准。
34. In the last two paragraphs, the author suggests that
- A. the UK is preparing for an economic boom.
- B. high GDP foreshadows an economic decline.
- C. it is essential to consider factors beyond GDP.
- D. it requires caution to handle economic issues.
答案：C
答案句：So, what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations, as a measure, it is no longer enough. It does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes – all things that contribute to a person’s sense of well-being. … But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.
参考译文：所以，肯尼迪所指的，是尽管GDP一直是衡量国家经济活动的最常用方法，但作为一种衡量标准，它已经不够了。它没有包括环境质量或教育成果等重要因素——这些都是有助于个人幸福感的东西。……但是，那些将努力重新聚焦于改善幸福感，而不是仅仅担心GDP数字的政策制定者，可以避免预测的厄运，甚至可能看到进步。
定位线索：题干“In the last two paragraphs”定位到末两段；文中“GDP...is no longer enough”和“does not include important factors such as environmental quality or education outcomes”对应选项C“it is essential to consider factors beyond GDP”中的“consider factors beyond GDP”。
解析：题干问最后两段作者暗示什么。答案句明确指出GDP“不再足够”，且未包含环境质量、教育成果等幸福感相关因素，并建议政策制定者“重新聚焦于改善幸福感”，这直接推出“考虑GDP以外的因素至关重要”，即选项C。选项A“英国准备经济繁荣”与原文“预测的厄运”矛盾；选项B“高GDP预示经济衰退”无中生有，原文未提此因果关系；选项D“处理经济问题需谨慎”范围过大且非作者强调重点。
35. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
- A. High GDP But Inadequate Well-being, a UK Lesson
- B. GDP Figures, a Window on Global Economic Health
- C. Robert F. Kennedy, a Terminator of GDP
- D. Brexit, the UK’s Gateway to Well-being
答案：A
答案句：Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country’s GDP measures “everything except that which makes life worthwhile.” … A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvements for its citizens. … This is a lesson that rich countries can learn: When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country’s success, the world looks very different. … So, what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations, as a measure, it is no longer enough.
参考译文：罗伯特·F·肯尼迪曾说，一个国家的GDP衡量的是“除了使生活有价值的一切之外的一切”。… 一项关于各国将增长转化为福祉能力的近期年度研究为那个问题提供了一些启示。在被衡量的163个国家中，英国在确保经济增长转化为公民有意义的改善方面表现最差之一。… 这是富国可以吸取的教训：当GDP不再被视为一个国家成功的唯一衡量标准时，世界看起来就大不相同了。… 所以，肯尼迪所指的的是，虽然GDP一直是衡量国家经济活动的最常用方法，但作为一种衡量标准，它已不再足够。
定位线索：题干“best title”→主旨句取自首段引语、第3段研究结果、第5段教训、第6段总结；文中“GDP...no longer enough”和“UK...poorest performers”对应选项A“High GDP But Inadequate Well-being, a UK Lesson”（高GDP但福祉不足，英国教训）。
解析：主旨题。全文围绕GDP局限性展开：首段引语点出GDP忽略生活价值，第3段指出英国经济增长未转化为福祉，第5段称这是富国教训，第6段总结GDP不足。A准确概括“高GDP但福祉不足”和“英国教训”。B“window on global economic health”与原文批判GDP不符；C“Terminator of GDP”过度夸张，肯尼迪只是引用；D“Brexit...Gateway to Well-being”偷换概念，脱欧是背景而非福祉途径。