26. A lot of students take up law as their profession due to
- A. the growing demand from clients.
- B. the increasing pressure of inflation.
- C. the prospect of working in big firms.
- D. the attraction of financial rewards.
答案：D
答案句：The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools.
参考译文：最优秀的律师赚得盆满钵满，吸引越来越多的学生涌入法学院。
定位线索：题干“A lot of students take up law as their profession”→答案句“tempting ever more students to pile into law schools”；文中“made skyscrapers-full of money”对应选项D“the attraction of financial rewards”。
解析：题干问学生选择法律职业的原因，答案句明确指出律师赚钱多（made skyscrapers-full of money），这吸引了更多学生（tempting ever more students）。选项D“the attraction of financial rewards”正是对“made skyscrapers-full of money”的同义转述。选项A“客户需求增长”、B“通胀压力”在原文未提及，C“在大律所工作的前景”与原文“But most law graduates never get a big-firm job”矛盾。
27. Which of the following adds to the costs of legal education in most American states?
- A. Higher tuition fees for undergraduate studies.
- B. Receiving training by professional associations.
- C. Admissions approval from the bar association.
- D. Pursuing a bachelor’s degree in another major.
答案：D
答案句：There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states: a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject, then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam.
参考译文：在美国大多数州，成为律师只有一条路：先花四年时间攻读某个不相关专业的本科学位，然后在美国律师协会认可的200所法学院之一攻读三年法律学位，还要为律师资格考试进行昂贵的备考。
定位线索：题干“adds to the costs of legal education in most American states”→答案句“a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject”；文中“in some unrelated subject”对应选项D“Pursuing a bachelor's degree in another major”。
解析：题干问增加法律教育成本的因素，答案句列举了成为律师的路径，其中“a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject”（四年不相关专业的本科学位）正是选项D“Pursuing a bachelor's degree in another major”的同义转述。选项A“本科学费更高”原文未提及，B“专业协会培训”和C“律师协会批准入学”均偷换概念，原文说的是法学院需经ABA授权，而非入学需批准。
28. Hindrance to the reform of the legal system originates from
- A. the rigid bodies governing the profession.
- B. lawyers’ and clients’ strong resistance.
- C. the stern exam for would-be lawyers.
- D. non-professionals’ sharp criticism.
答案：A
答案句：Sensible ideas have been around for a long time, but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them.
参考译文：合理的想法早已存在，但管理该行业的州级机构过于保守，不愿实施这些想法。
定位线索：题干“Hindrance to the reform”→答案句“too conservative to implement them”；文中“the state-level bodies that govern the profession”对应选项A“the rigid bodies governing the profession”。
解析：题干问法律体系改革的障碍来源，答案句明确指出州级管理机构（state-level bodies that govern the profession）过于保守（too conservative），不愿实施改革。选项A“the rigid bodies governing the profession”正是对“state-level bodies”和“too conservative”的同义转述。选项B“律师和客户的强烈抵制”原文未提及，C“严格的考试”是改革建议而非障碍，D“非专业人士的尖锐批评”无中生有。
29. The guild-like ownership structure is considered “restrictive” partly because it
- A. prevents lawyers from gaining due profits.
- B. bans outsiders’ involvement in the profession.
- C. aggravates the ethical situation in the trade.
- D. keeps lawyers from holding law-firm shares.
答案：B
答案句：Except in the District of Columbia, non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm. This keeps fees high and innovation slow.
参考译文：除哥伦比亚特区外，非律师不得拥有律师事务所的任何股份。这使得收费高昂且创新缓慢。
定位线索：题干“guild-like ownership structure”→答案句“non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm”；文中“non-lawyers may not own”对应选项B“bans outsiders' involvement in the profession”。
解析：题干问行会式所有权结构为何被视为“限制性”，答案句指出非律师不得拥有律所股份（non-lawyers may not own any share），这正是选项B“bans outsiders' involvement in the profession”（禁止外人参与该行业）的同义转述。选项A“阻止律师获得应得利润”与原文“keeps fees high”矛盾，C“加剧行业道德问题”原文未提及，D“阻止律师持有律所股份”偷换概念，原文说的是非律师不能持股，而非律师。
30. In this text, the author mainly discusses
- A. the factors that help make a successful lawyer in America.
- B. a problem in America’s legal profession and solutions to it.
- C. the role of undergraduate studies in America’s legal education.
- D. flawed ownership of America’s law firms and its causes.
答案：B
答案句：All around the world, lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession – with the possible exception of journalism. But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America. … There are many reasons for this. … Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers. … In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’ efficiency. After all, other countries, such as Australia and Britain, have started liberalizing their legal professions. America should follow.
参考译文：在世界各地，律师比其他任何职业的成员都更招人恨——可能只有新闻业除外。但很少有地方像美国这样，客户有更多理由抱怨。……造成这种情况的原因有很多。……改革这一体系对律师和客户都有好处。……事实上，允许非律师持有律师事务所股份，将鼓励律所使用技术并聘请专业经理人专注于提高效率，从而降低成本、改善客户服务。毕竟，澳大利亚和英国等其他国家已经开始放开法律行业。美国应该效仿。
定位线索：题干“mainly discusses”→首段提出美国法律行业问题，第二段分析原因，第三段提出改革建议，末段呼吁效仿他国；文中“Reforming the system would help”对应选项B“a problem in America's legal profession and solutions to it”。
解析：文章首段提出美国法律行业问题（客户抱怨多），第二段分析原因（教育成本高、所有权结构限制），第三至五段提出改革建议（允许本科读法律、缩短学制、允许非律师持股），末段呼吁效仿他国。选项B“a problem in America's legal profession and solutions to it”准确概括了文章结构。选项A“成功律师的因素”范围过窄，C“本科教育的作用”只是细节，D“律所所有权缺陷及其原因”只涵盖部分内容，均以偏概全。