31. According to Paragraph 1, keeping unsafe aging drivers off the road
- A. is a new safety measure.
- B. has become a disputed issue.
- C. can be a tough task to complete.
- D. will be beneficial to their health.
答案：C
答案句：One of the biggest challenges in keeping unsafe aging drivers off the road is convincing them that it’s time to turn over the keys. “It’s a complete life-changer” when someone stops—or is forced to stop—driving, said former risk manager Anne M. Menke.
参考译文：让不安全的老年司机不再开车上路的最大挑战之一，是说服他们到了该交出钥匙的时候。前风险管理师安妮·M·门克说，当一个人停止——或被强制停止——开车时，“这完全是生活方式的彻底改变”。
定位线索：题干“Paragraph 1”定位到第1段；文中“One of the biggest challenges”对应选项C“a tough task to complete”；文中“convincing them”体现“说服”的困难。
解析：题干问“根据第一段，让不安全的老年司机不再开车”如何。答案句直接说这是“最大的挑战之一”，且需要“说服”他们，说明任务艰巨，对应C项“是一项艰巨的任务”。A项“新安全措施”无中生有；B项“争议问题”和D项“有益健康”文中未提及。
32. The American Medical Association’s advice
- A. has won support from drivers.
- B. is generally considered unrealistic.
- C. is widely dismissed as unnecessary.
- D. has met with different responses.
答案：D
答案句：“The American Medical Association advises physicians that ‘in situations where clear evidence of substantial driving impairment implies a strong threat to patient and public safety, and where the physician’s advice to discontinue driving privileges is ignored, it is desirable and ethical to notify the Department of Motor Vehicles,’” Menke wrote. “Some states require physicians to report, others allow but do not mandate reports, while a few consider a report a breach of confidentiality.
参考译文：门克写道：“美国医学会建议医生，‘在有明确证据表明严重驾驶障碍对患者和公共安全构成重大威胁，且医生建议停止驾驶特权被忽视的情况下，通知机动车管理局是可取且符合道德的。’” “一些州要求医生报告，另一些州允许但不强制报告，而少数州认为报告属于违反保密规定。”
定位线索：题干“The American Medical Association’s advice”对应文中“The American Medical Association advises”；文中“Some states require... others allow but do not mandate... a few consider...”对应选项D“has met with different responses”；选项D“different responses”对应各州不同做法。
解析：题干问美国医学会的建议如何。答案句先给出建议内容，随后列举各州不同反应：有的要求报告、有的允许但不强制、有的视为违反保密，说明该建议得到不同回应，对应D项。A项“得到司机支持”无中生有；B项“被认为不现实”和C项“被广泛认为不必要”均未提及。
33. According to Dugan, efforts to keep older drivers safe
- A. have brought about big changes.
- B. need to be well coordinated.
- C. have gained public recognition.
- D. call for relevant legal support.
答案：B
答案句：Part of the problem in keeping older drivers safe is that the difficulties are addressed piecemeal by different professions with different focuses, including gerontologists, highway administration officials, automotive engineers and others, said gerontologist Elizabeth Dugan. “There’s not a National Institute of Older Driver Studies,” she said. “We need better evidence on what makes drivers unsafe” and what can help, said Dugan.
参考译文：老年学家伊丽莎白·杜根说，让老年司机保持安全的部分问题在于，这些困难被不同专业、不同关注点的人零散地处理，包括老年学家、公路管理官员、汽车工程师等。她说：“没有一个国家老年司机研究所。”杜根说：“我们需要更好的证据来了解什么导致司机不安全”以及什么能有所帮助。
定位线索：题干“Dugan”和“efforts to keep older drivers safe”对应文中“keeping older drivers safe”；文中“addressed piecemeal by different professions”对应选项B“need to be well coordinated”；选项B“coordinated”对应“piecemeal”（零散的）的反面。
解析：题干问杜根认为让老年司机安全的努力如何。答案句指出问题被“不同专业零散地处理”，且缺乏统一研究机构，说明需要协调，对应B项“需要良好协调”。A项“带来大变化”与原文“piecemeal”矛盾；C项“获得公众认可”无中生有；D项“需要法律支持”文中未提。
34. Some older drivers have trouble driving because they tend to.
- A. stick with bad driving habits.
- B. have a weakened memory.
- C. suffer from chronic pains.
- D. neglect car maintenance.
答案：B
答案句：Primary care providers have their hands full and may not be able to follow through with patients who have trouble driving because they can’t turn their heads or remember where they are going—or have gotten shorter and haven’t changed their seat settings sufficiently to reach car pedals easily.
参考译文：初级保健提供者忙得不可开交，可能无法跟进那些开车有困难的患者，这些患者可能因为无法转头、记不住要去哪里——或者变矮了却没有充分调整座椅位置以便轻松踩到汽车踏板。
定位线索：题干“Some older drivers have trouble driving”对应文中“patients who have trouble driving”；文中“remember where they are going”对应选项B“have a weakened memory”；选项B“weakened memory”对应“can’t remember where they are going”。
解析：题干问一些老年司机开车困难的原因。答案句列举了原因：无法转头、记不住要去哪里、变矮未调座椅。其中“记不住要去哪里”对应B项“记忆力减弱”。A项“坏习惯”、C项“慢性疼痛”、D项“忽视保养”均未提及。
35. Dugan thinks that the solution to the problems of crashes may lie in
- A. upgrading self-driving vehicles.
- B. developing senior-friendly cars.
- C. renovating transport facilities.
- D. adjusting the age limit for drivers.
答案：B
答案句：As long as there are other cars on the roads, self-driving cars won’t solve the problems of crashes, said Dugan. Avoiding dangers posed by all those human drivers would require too many algorithms, she said. But we need to do more to improve safety, said Dugan. “If we’re going to have 100-year lives, we need cars that a 90-year-old can drive comfortably.
参考译文：杜根说，只要路上还有其他汽车，自动驾驶汽车就无法解决碰撞问题。她说，要避免所有人类司机带来的危险需要太多算法。但杜根说，我们需要做更多来提高安全性。“如果我们要活到100岁，我们需要90岁老人能舒适驾驶的汽车。”
定位线索：题干“Dugan”和“solution to the problems of crashes”对应文中“solve the problems of crashes”；文中“cars that a 90-year-old can drive comfortably”对应选项B“developing senior-friendly cars”；选项B“senior-friendly”对应“a 90-year-old can drive comfortably”。
解析：题干问杜根认为解决碰撞问题的办法可能在于什么。答案句先否定自动驾驶汽车，最后提出“需要90岁老人能舒适驾驶的汽车”，即开发适合老年人的汽车，对应B项。A项“升级自动驾驶汽车”被原文否定；C项“翻新交通设施”和D项“调整年龄限制”未提及。