2021年英语二 小标题匹配

第 1 段

Your boss proposes a new initiative you think won't work. Your senior colleague outlines a project timeline you believe is unrealistic. What do you say when you disagree with someone who has more power than you do? How do you decide whether it's worth speaking up? And if you do, what exactly should you say? Here's how to disagree with someone more powerful than you.

你的老板提出了一项你认为行不通的新举措。你的资深同事概述了一个你认为不切实际的项目时间表。当你不同意一个比你更有权力的人时,你会说什么?你如何决定是否值得说出来?如果你真的说出来,你到底应该说什么?以下是如何与比你更有权力的人持不同意见的方法。

第 2 段

(41)

决定是否等待。

第 3 段

You may decide it's best to hold off on voicing your opinion. Maybe you haven't finished thinking the problem through, or you want to get a clearer sense of what the group thinks. If you think other people are going to disagree, too, you might want to gather your army first. People can contribute experience or information to your thinking—all the things that would make the disagreement stronger or more valid. It's also a good idea to delay the conversation if you are in a meeting or other public space. Discussing the issue in private will make the powerful person feel less threatened.

你可能会决定最好推迟表达你的意见。也许你还没有把问题想透彻,或者你想更清楚地了解团队的想法。如果你认为其他人也会不同意,你可能想先集结你的队伍。人们可以为你的思考贡献经验或信息——所有这些都会使异议更有力或更有效。如果你在会议或其他公共场合,推迟对话也是一个好主意。私下讨论这个问题会让有权势的人感到威胁更小。

第 4 段

(42)

确定一个共同目标。

第 5 段

Before you share your thoughts, think about what the powerful person cares about—it may be the credibility of their team or getting a project done on time. You're more likely to be heard if you can connect your disagreement to a higher purpose. When you do speak up, don't assume the link will be clear. You'll want to state it overtly, contextualizing your statements so that you're seen not as a disagreeable subordinate but as a colleague who's trying to advance a common objective. The discussion will then become more like a chess game than a boxing match.

在你分享你的想法之前,想想有权势的人关心什么——可能是他们团队的信誉或按时完成项目。如果你能把你的异议与更高的目标联系起来,你更有可能被倾听。当你确实说出来时,不要认为这种联系是显而易见的。你需要明确地陈述它,将你的陈述置于情境中,这样你就不会被看作是一个难相处的下属,而是一个试图推进共同目标的同事。这样一来,讨论就会更像一场国际象棋比赛,而不是一场拳击比赛。

第 6 段

(43)

请求允许表达不同意见。

第 7 段

This step may sound overly deferential, but it's a smart way to give the powerful person psychological safety and control. You can say something like, "I know we seem to be moving toward a first-quarter commitment here. I have reasons to think that won't work. I'd like to lay out my reasoning. Would that be OK?" This gives the person a choice, allowing him to verbally opt in. And, assuming he says yes, it will make you feel more confident about voicing your disagreement.

这一步听起来可能过于恭顺,但它是给予有权势的人心理安全感和控制权的明智方式。你可以说类似这样的话:'我知道我们似乎正朝着第一季度承诺的方向前进。我有理由认为那行不通。我想陈述我的理由。可以吗?'这给了对方一个选择,让他口头表示同意。而且,假设他说可以,这会让你对表达异议感到更有信心。

第 8 段

(44)

保持冷静。

第 9 段

You might feel your heart racing or your face turning red, but do whatever you can to remain neutral in both your words and actions. When your body language communicates reluctance or anxiety, it undercuts the message. It sends a mixed message, and your counterpart gets to choose what signals to read. Deep breaths can help, as can speaking more slowly and deliberately. When we feel panicky, we tend to talk louder and faster. Simply slowing the pace and talking in an even tone helps the other person cool down and does the same for you. It also makes you seem confident, even if you aren't.

你可能会感到心跳加速或脸红,但无论如何都要在言语和行动上保持中立。当你的肢体语言传达出不情愿或焦虑时,它会削弱信息。它发出混合信号,而你的对话者可以选择读取什么信号。深呼吸有帮助,说话更慢、更从容也有帮助。当我们感到恐慌时,我们往往会说得更大声、更快。仅仅是放慢节奏并以平稳的语气说话就能帮助对方冷静下来,对你自己也有同样的作用。它还会让你看起来自信,即使你并不自信。

第 10 段

(45)

保持谦逊。

第 11 段

Emphasize that you're only offering your opinion, not gospel truth. It may be a well-informed, well- researched opinion, but it's still an opinion, so talk tentatively and slightly understate your confidence. Instead of saying: "If we set an end-of-quarter deadline, we will never make it," say, "This is just my opinion, but I don't see how we will make that deadline." Having asserted your opinion (as a position, not as a fact), demonstrate equal curiosity about other views. Remind the person that this is your point of view, and then invite critique. Be open to hearing other opinions.

强调你只是提供你的意见,而不是绝对真理。它可能是一个见多识广、经过充分研究的意见,但它仍然是一个意见,所以要试探性地说话,稍微低估你的信心。不要说:'如果我们设定季度末截止日期,我们永远无法完成',而要说:'这只是我的意见,但我看不出我们如何能在那个截止日期前完成。'在表明你的意见(作为一种立场,而不是事实)之后,对其他观点表现出同样的好奇心。提醒对方这是你的观点,然后邀请批评。对听取其他意见持开放态度。