28. What does Buckminster Fuller say about pollution?
- A. It is becoming more serious
- B. It destroys the environment
- C. It benefits the economy
- D. It is the resources yet to be used
答案：D
答案句：Long before most of us even noticed what we now call “the environment,” Buckminster Fuller said, “Pollution is nothing but the resources(资源)we are not harvesting. We allow them to be left around because we’ve been ignorant of their value.”
参考译文：早在大多数人注意到我们现在所说的“环境”之前，巴克敏斯特·富勒就说过：“污染只不过是我们没有收获的资源。我们任由它们被丢弃，是因为我们忽视了它们的价值。”
定位线索：题干“Buckminster Fuller say about pollution”→答案句为富勒原话“Pollution is nothing but the resources we are not harvesting”；文中“resources we are not harvesting”对应选项D“the resources yet to be used”。
解析：题干问富勒对污染的看法，答案句直接引用其原话，指出污染是“未被收获的资源”，即尚未被利用的资源，与选项D“the resources yet to be used”同义。选项A“越来越严重”原文未提及，选项B“破坏环境”与富勒观点相反，选项C“有益经济”原文无此信息，均属无中生有。
29. How many cans will be used up in a cat’s 15-year lifetime in a recycling economy?
- A. 50.
- B. 100.
- C. 150
- D. 250
答案：C
答案句：In a recycling economy, we would make one set of 100 cans to start with, then replace them over and over again with recycled cans. Since almost 3% of the metal is lost during reprocessing, we’d have to make an extra 10 cans each year. But in all, only 150 cans will be used up over the cat’s lifetime-and we’ll still have 100 left over for the next cat.
参考译文：在循环经济中，我们一开始会制造100个罐子，然后反复用回收罐替换它们。由于在再加工过程中约有3%的金属会损失，我们每年必须额外制造10个罐子。但总的来说，在猫的一生中只会用完150个罐子——而且我们还会为下一只猫剩下100个。
定位线索：题干“How many cans will be used up in a cat’s 15-year lifetime in a recycling economy”→答案句“only 150 cans will be used up over the cat’s lifetime”；文中“150 cans”直接对应选项C“150”。
解析：题干问循环经济中猫15年寿命内用完的罐子数量，答案句明确说“only 150 cans will be used up”，直接对应选项C。选项A“50”和B“100”是干扰项，100是初始罐数，50是额外制造数的一部分，选项D“250”是错误计算，均与原文不符。
30. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
- A. To promote the idea of recycling
- B. To introduce an environmentalist
- C. To discuss the causes of pollution
- D. To defend the throwaway economy.
答案：A
答案句：There are energy savings to be made from all recyclable materials, sometimes huge savings. Recycling plastics and aluminum, for instance, uses only 5% to 10% as much energy as producing new plastic or smelting (提炼)aluminum. … Instead of using up 219kg of steel, we’ve use only 6kg. And because the process of recycling steel is less polluting than making new steel, we’ve also achieved the following significant savings; in energy use—47% to 74%; in air pollution—85%; in water pollution—35%; in water use—40%.
参考译文：所有可回收材料都能节省能源，有时节省巨大。例如，回收塑料和铝所消耗的能源仅为生产新塑料或提炼铝的5%到10%。……我们不是用完219公斤钢材，而只用了6公斤。而且由于回收钢材的过程比制造新钢材污染更少，我们还实现了以下显著节约：能源使用减少47%到74%；空气污染减少85%；水污染减少35%；用水减少40%。
定位线索：题干“author’s purpose in writing the text”→首段主题句“There are energy savings to be made from all recyclable materials”及末段“significant savings”体现回收优势；文中“recyclable materials”“recycling”对应选项A“promote the idea of recycling”。
解析：文章首段提出回收材料可节省能源，中间用猫食罐例子对比丢弃经济和循环经济，末段总结回收的显著节约，整体旨在倡导回收理念，对应选项A。选项B“介绍环保主义者”只是文中引用富勒的细节，非主旨；选项C“讨论污染原因”和D“为丢弃经济辩护”与文章主旨相反，均属以偏概全或偷换概念。