31. Regarding Chesterton’s principle, the author is _____________.
- A. supportive
- B. doubtful
- C. conflicted
- D. disappointed
答案：A
答案句：Importantly, Chesterton is not saying that things can never be reformed. His is a preventive principle rather than an outright prohibition. We could rephrase it like this: understand the wisdom in past decisions before you reject them.
参考译文：重要的是，切斯特顿并不是说事物永远不能改革。他的原则是一个预防性原则，而不是彻底的禁止。我们可以这样重新表述：在你拒绝过去的决定之前，先理解其中的智慧。
定位线索：题干“Chesterton's principle”→答案句取自第5段“His is a preventive principle rather than an outright prohibition”；文中“preventive principle”对应选项“supportive”（作者用肯定语气阐述该原则，未表示怀疑或反对）。
解析：题干问作者对切斯特顿原则的态度。答案句明确说“His is a preventive principle rather than an outright prohibition”，并给出正面重述“understand the wisdom in past decisions before you reject them”，语气是赞同和肯定的，因此选A。B“doubtful”、C“conflicted”、D“disappointed”均无原文依据，属于无中生有。
32. What does the word “impetuous” underlined in Paragraph 5 most probably mean?
- A. Short-sighted.
- B. Narrow-minded.
- C. Hot-headed.
- D. Old-fashioned.
答案：C
答案句：We could rephrase it like this: understand the wisdom in past decisions before you reject them. If we're too impetuous, we can end up tearing out things we don't yet realise we rely upon.
参考译文：我们可以这样重新表述：在你拒绝过去的决定之前，先理解其中的智慧。如果我们太鲁莽，最终可能会拆除我们尚未意识到依赖的东西。
定位线索：题干“impetuous”→答案句取自第5段“If we're too impetuous, we can end up tearing out things...”；文中“too impetuous”对应选项“Hot-headed”（冲动、鲁莽）。
解析：词义题需结合上下文。前句说“understand the wisdom in past decisions before you reject them”，后句说“too impetuous”会导致“tearing out things we don't yet realise we rely upon”，即未经思考就行动，与“Hot-headed”（冲动的）同义。A“Short-sighted”（短视）侧重缺乏远见，B“Narrow-minded”（狭隘）侧重思想封闭，D“Old-fashioned”（过时）均不符合语境。
33. What can we infer from this passage about the Disruptor?
- A. They may clear up other people’s mess.
- B. They are in favour of the preventive principle.
- C. They preserve more traditions than they break.
- D. They may create more problems than they solve.
答案：D
答案句：The Disruptor forces change; the clean-up is somebody else's problem. It's an attitude best summed up as “Move fast and break things.” … Disruption can be a force for good. It can also just leave a big mess.
参考译文：颠覆者迫使改变；清理是别人的问题。这种态度最好概括为“快速行动，打破常规”。……颠覆可以成为一股好的力量。它也可能只是留下一大堆烂摊子。
定位线索：题干“infer about the Disruptor”→答案句取自第2段和第6段“The Disruptor forces change; the clean-up is somebody else's problem”和“It can also just leave a big mess”；文中“leave a big mess”对应选项“create more problems than they solve”。
解析：推理题。答案句指出颠覆者“forces change”但“clean-up is somebody else's problem”，且“can also just leave a big mess”，暗示他们可能制造更多问题而非解决。D选项“create more problems than they solve”是对此的合理推断。A“clear up other people's mess”与原文相反（原文说清理是别人的问题）；B“in favour of the preventive principle”与颠覆者态度矛盾；C“preserve more traditions”与“break things”矛盾，均错误。
34. What does the author intend to tell us?
- A. Humility should be a driving force for human progress.
- B. Innovation should move forward the wheel of tradition.
- C. Reform should draw from the wellspring of past wisdom.
- D. Disruption should be given priority in social development.
答案：C
答案句：We could rephrase it like this: understand the wisdom in past decisions before you reject them. … What is required, then, is not the fearlessness of the Disruptor, but the humility (谦卑) to stop and ask questions and to know that our own perspective is neither unique nor comprehensive. Di
参考译文：我们可以这样重新表述：在你拒绝过去的决定之前，先理解其中的智慧。……因此，所需要的不是颠覆者的无畏，而是停下来提问的谦卑，并知道我们自己的视角既不独特也不全面。
定位线索：题干“author intend to tell us”→答案句取自第5段和第6段“understand the wisdom in past decisions before you reject them”和“humility to stop and ask questions”；文中“understand the wisdom in past decisions”对应选项“draw from the wellspring of past wisdom”。
解析：主旨题。文章通过切斯特顿的栅栏比喻，强调改革前应理解过去的智慧。第5段明确说“understand the wisdom in past decisions before you reject them”，第6段进一步强调谦卑和提问，因此C“Reform should draw from the wellspring of past wisdom”是主旨。A“Humility”只是手段而非核心；B“Innovation”和D“Disruption”均偏离文章重点，文章并非提倡创新或颠覆优先。