12. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
- A. Sydney’s striking architecture.
- B. The cultural diversity of Sydney.
- C. The key to Sydney’s development.
- D. Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.
答案：C
答案句：Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there — broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.
参考译文：在20世纪60年代初的某个时候，澳大利亚悉尼发生了一件重要的事情。这座城市发现了它的海港。然后，悉尼一个接一个地发现了许多原本就在那里的东西——广阔的公园、极好的海滩和多元文化的人口。但正是海港造就了这座城市。
定位线索：题干“first paragraph mainly about”→答案句取自第一段“But it is the harbor that makes the city”；文中“the harbor”对应选项C“The key to Sydney's development”（海港是悉尼发展的关键）。
解析：题干问第一段主旨，答案句最后一句“But it is the harbor that makes the city”点明海港是悉尼的关键，选项C“The key to Sydney's development”是对此的同义转述。选项A“striking architecture”、B“cultural diversity”、D“tourist attractions”虽在文中提及，但都是次要细节，不是段落主旨，属于以偏概全。
13. What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds?
- A. He goes to work by boat.
- B. He looks forward to a new life.
- C. He pilots catamarans well.
- D. He is attached to the old ferries.
答案：D
答案句：“I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted. … “Oh, they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. But that’s progress, I guess.”
参考译文：“我会想念这些老船的，”我们分开时他说。 … “哦，他们正在用双体船替换它们。双体船更快，但不够优雅，而且驾驶起来也不好玩。但我想，这就是进步。”
定位线索：题干“What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds”定位到Andrew Reynolds的对话；文中“I’ll miss these old boats”对应选项D“He is attached to the old ferries”（attached to = miss，依恋）。
解析：题干问关于Andrew Reynolds我们能了解到什么。答案句直接引用他说“I’ll miss these old boats”，表明他对老渡船的不舍，与D项“He is attached to the old ferries”同义。A项“乘船上班”文中未提，B项“期待新生活”与他说“But that’s progress, I guess”的无奈语气不符，C项“驾驶双体船很好”文中只说双体船“not fun to pilot”，均无依据。
14. What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney?
- A. It is losing its traditions.
- B. It should speed up its progress.
- C. It should expand its population.
- D. It is becoming more international.
答案：A
答案句：Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving (解决).”
On
参考译文：该市的官方历史学家雪莉·菲茨杰拉德告诉我，在20世纪70年代追求现代化的过程中，悉尼抛弃了许多自己的过去，包括许多最精美的建筑。“悉尼对自己感到困惑，”她说。“我们似乎无法下定决心，是想要一个现代城市还是传统城市。这是一个我们没能更好解决的冲突。”
定位线索：题干“Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney”→答案句取自“Sydney swept aside much of its past”；文中“swept aside much of its past”对应选项A“It is losing its traditions”（正在失去传统）。
解析：题干问Shirley Fitzgerald对悉尼的看法，答案句中她说悉尼“swept aside much of its past”，即抛弃了过去，选项A“It is losing its traditions”是对此的同义转述。选项B“should speed up its progress”与原文“conflict”矛盾，她并未支持加速进步；选项C“expand its population”和D“becoming more international”在原文中无依据，属于无中生有。
15. Which statement will the author probably agree with?
- A. A city can be young and old at the same time.
- B. A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
- C. Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
- D. Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
答案：A
答案句：On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country,” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.” He is right, but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
参考译文：另一方面，同时既年轻又古老也有其吸引力。我遇到一位深思熟虑的年轻商人安东尼时考虑到了这一点。“很多人说我们国家缺乏文化，”他告诉我。“人们忘记的是，意大利人来到澳大利亚时带来了他们2000年的文化，希腊人约3000年，而中国人更多。我们有一个建立在古老文化基础上的根基，但同时又具有年轻国家的驱动力和活力。这是一个很难被击败的组合。”他说得对，但我还是忍不住希望他们能保留那些旧渡轮。
定位线索：题干“author probably agree”→答案句取自“being young and old at the same time has its attractions”和“He is right”；文中“being young and old at the same time”对应选项A“A city can be young and old at the same time”。
解析：题干问作者可能同意哪个说法，答案句开头“being young and old at the same time has its attractions”是作者的观点，且后文“He is right”表明作者认同Anthony关于悉尼兼具古老文化和年轻活力的说法，选项A是对此的直接对应。选项B“A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic”是Anthony的观点，但作者未明确同意；选项C“Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance”是Andrew的抱怨，非作者观点；选项D“Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign”文中未提及，属于无中生有。