32. What does a plant do when it is under attack?
- A. It makes noises.
- B. It gets help from other plants.
- C. It stands quietly
- D. It sends out certain chemicals.
答案：D
答案句：When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesn’t sit quietly. Back in 1983, two scientists, Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get.
参考译文：当一株多叶植物受到攻击时，它不会安静地坐着。1983年，两位科学家杰克·舒尔茨和伊恩·鲍德温报告说，被昆虫咬伤的幼枫树会散发出一种特殊的气味，邻近的植物能够接收到。
定位线索：题干“under attack”→答案句首句“under attack”；文中“send out a particular smell”对应选项D“sends out certain chemicals”（同义改写）。
解析：题干问植物受到攻击时做什么，答案句直接说“send out a particular smell”，即发出特定气味，对应选项D“sends out certain chemicals”。选项A“makes noises”无中生有，文中未提声音；选项B“gets help from other plants”偷换概念，植物是发出信号而非获得帮助；选项C“stands quietly”与原文“doesn’t sit quietly”相反。
33. What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in paragraph 3?
- A. The attackers get attacked.
- B. The insects gather under the table.
- C. The plants get ready to fight back.
- D. The perfumes attract natural enemies.
答案：A
答案句：Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty. They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.
参考译文：有些植物释放出难闻的化学物质来驱赶昆虫。但其他植物则身兼双职。它们释放出香水，旨在吸引攻击者的天敌昆虫。一旦它们到达，形势就逆转了。原本正在享用午餐的攻击者现在变成了午餐。
定位线索：题干“the tables are turned”→答案句中的“the tables are turned”；文中“The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch”对应选项A“The attackers get attacked”（同义改写）。
解析：词义题需结合上下文。答案句先说明植物吸引天敌，随后“The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch”直接解释“the tables are turned”意为攻击者反被攻击，对应选项A。选项B“insects gather under the table”望文生义，误解“table”；选项C“plants get ready to fight back”偷换主语，是昆虫而非植物反击；选项D“perfumes attract natural enemies”是前文事实，非该短语含义。
34. Scientists find from their studies that plants can .
- A. predict natural disasters
- B. protect themselves against insects
- C. talk to one another intentionally
- D. help their neighbors when necessary
答案：B
答案句：In study after study, it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors. The damage is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbors, relatively speaking, stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.
参考译文：在一项又一项研究中，这些化学对话似乎帮助了邻居。第一株植物的损害通常更严重，但相对而言，邻居们因为听到了警报并知道该怎么做而更安全。
定位线索：题干“from their studies”→答案句“In study after study”；文中“stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do”对应选项B“protect themselves against insects”（同义改写）。
解析：题干问研究发现植物能做什么，答案句指出邻居植物听到警报后“stay safer”，即保护自己免受昆虫侵害，对应选项B。选项A“predict natural disasters”无中生有，文中未提自然灾害；选项C“talk to one another intentionally”与第四段“wasn’t a true, intentional back and forth”矛盾；选项D“help their neighbors when necessary”偷换概念，植物是自我保护而非主动帮助邻居。
35. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
- A. The world is changing faster than ever.
- B. People have stronger senses than before
- C. The world is more complex than it seems
- D. People in Darwin’s time were more imaginative.
答案：C
答案句：Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate (亲密的) than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There’s a whole lot going on.
参考译文：150多年前，查尔斯·达尔文想象了一个比我们能看到和听到的世界更加繁忙、更加喧闹、更加亲密的世界。我们的感官很弱。有太多事情在发生。
定位线索：题干“infer from the last paragraph”→答案句取自末段“Charles Darwin...imagined a world far busier...”；文中“far busier, noisier and more intimate than the world we can see and hear”对应选项C“The world is more complex than it seems”（同义改写）。
解析：推理题需依据末段推断。达尔文想象的世界比我们感知的更丰富，且“Our senses are weak”说明我们感知有限，综合推出世界比表面更复杂，对应选项C。选项A“world is changing faster”无中生有，文中未提变化速度；选项B“people have stronger senses”与原文“senses are weak”相反；选项D“people in Darwin’s time were more imaginative”过度推断，文中仅提达尔文一人，不能推广到所有人。