The Chinese government attaches great importance to environmental protection. In recent years, China has made remarkable progress in reducing air, water and soil pollution. To continuously improve people's living environment, China has taken a series of effective measures, including developing clean energy, improving public transportation, promoting shared bikes and implementing garbage classification. Thanks to these measures, both urban and rural areas in China are becoming greener and more beautiful. China also actively participates in international cooperation, making important contributions to global environmental protection.
逐句译法
1. 中国政府十分重视环境保护。
参考译法:The Chinese government attaches great importance to environmental protection.
主干:主语中国政府+谓语重视+宾语环保(主语策略:原句主语)中文已有明确主语 中国政府,直接作英文主语 The Chinese government;核心动词 重视 作谓语 attaches great importance to / values;宾语是 环境保护 → environmental protection。主干即 The Chinese government attaches great importance to environmental protection。
语法点:- 时态回指全篇基调用一般现在时:陈述「中国政府一贯重视」这一持续事实,谓语用 attaches(第三人称单数)。 - 主谓一致主语 The Chinese government 是单数第三人称,谓语动词须加 s → attaches / values,别漏掉这个 s。 - 搭配「重视」的地道搭配是 attach importance to(to 后接名词)或直接用 value;用 attach 时勿丢介词 to。
参考译法:In recent years, China has made remarkable progress in reducing air, water and soil pollution.
主干:主语中国+谓语取得+宾语显著成效(主语策略:原句主语)主语是 中国 → China;核心动词 取得了 作谓语 has made / has achieved;宾语是 显著成效 → remarkable progress / great achievements。主干为 China has made remarkable progress。
语法点:- 时态偏离基调改用现在完成时:近年来 配 取得了,是「过去到现在已经取得、且影响延续至今」,标准用 has made / has achieved,不能用一般过去时 made。 - 名词并列「空气、水和土壤污染」是三类污染共用一个 pollution → air, water and soil pollution,三个修饰词并列、pollution 不可数不加 s。 - 搭配「取得成效/进展」固定搭配 make progress(progress 不可数)或 achieve achievements;用 make progress 时 progress 前不加 a、不加 s。
降级处理:近年来作状语+在减少污染上作介词短语近年来 降级为时间状语 In recent years 置于句首;在减少空气、水和土壤污染上 这层「在…方面」降级为介词短语 in reducing air, water and soil pollution(in + 动名词),作 made progress 的范围状语挂到主干后。这样主干干净、修饰后置,不照中文一路平铺。
参考译法:To continuously improve people's living environment, China has taken a series of effective measures, including developing clean energy, improving public transportation, promoting shared bikes and implementing garbage classification.
主干:主语中国+谓语采取+宾语一系列措施(主语策略:原句主语)主语是 中国 → China;核心动词 采取了 作谓语 has taken / has adopted;宾语是 一系列有效措施 → a series of effective measures。主干为 China has taken a series of effective measures。「为了…」与「包括…」都不进主干。
语法点:- 时态采取了 是已完成并影响至今,用现在完成时 has taken;与第2句的 has made 保持一致。 - 非谓语一致including 后四个动作必须同为动名词且形式整齐:developing / improving / promoting / implementing,不可混入 to develop 或原形 develop。 - 单复数measures 是可数复数(一系列措施)→ measures 加 s;shared bikes 表泛指用复数;clean energy、public transportation、garbage classification 均不可数,不加 s。
降级处理:目的状语+including引出的并列动名词列举为了不断改善人们的生活环境 降级为目的状语 To continuously improve people's living environment 置于句首;后面 包括大力发展清洁能源,改善公共交通,推广共享单车,实施垃圾分类 用 including 引出,四个动作并列改写成四个动名词短语 developing clean energy, improving public transportation, promoting shared bikes and implementing garbage classification,作 measures 的同位/补充说明,而不是写成四个并列句子。
4. 通过这些措施,中国的城市和农村正在绿起来、美起来。
参考译法:Thanks to these measures, both urban and rural areas in China are becoming greener and more beautiful.
主干:主语城市和农村+谓语正在变绿变美(主语策略:原句主语)主语是 中国的城市和农村 → China's cities and rural areas;正在绿起来、美起来 是「正在变得更绿更美」,谓语用系动词 are becoming + 表语 greener and more beautiful。主干为 China's cities and rural areas are becoming greener and more beautiful。
语法点:- 时态正在 明确表「此刻正在进行的变化」,用现在进行时 are becoming,这是本句正当偏离一般现在时基调之处。 - 比较级「绿起来、美起来」表程度加深:green → greener(短词加 er),beautiful → more beautiful(长词加 more),别写成 more greener 之类双重比较。 - 主谓一致主语 cities and rural areas 是复数,系动词用 are,不用 is。
降级处理:通过这些措施作介词短语+两个表语并列通过这些措施 降级为介词短语 Thanks to / Through these measures 置于句首作方式状语,顺带承接上一句;绿起来、美起来 两个变化合并为并列表语 greener and more beautiful,共用一个系动词 are becoming,不必拆成两句。
5. 中国还积极参与国际合作,为全球环境保护做出了重要贡献。
参考译法:China also actively participates in international cooperation, making important contributions to global environmental protection.
主干:主语中国+谓语参与国际合作(主语策略:原句主语)主语是 中国 → China;本句有两个动作 参与 和 做出了,选第一个 积极参与国际合作 作主干谓语 actively participates in international cooperation;第二个动作降级处理。主干为 China actively participates in international cooperation。
语法点:- 时态主干 积极参与 是持续性事实,用一般现在时 participates(回归全篇基调);分词 making 不带时态,但其内含的 做出了 是已完成结果,分词形式 making contributions 不与主句时态冲突,自然衔接。 - 主谓一致主语 China 单数第三人称,主干谓语 participates 加 s。 - 搭配与单复数「参与」用 participate in(勿丢 in);「做出贡献」用 make contributions to,contribution 可数、贡献不止一项可用复数 contributions。
降级处理:做出重要贡献降级为现在分词状语第二个动作 为全球环境保护做出了重要贡献 降级为现在分词短语 making important contributions to global environmental protection,作伴随/结果状语挂在主干后;其中「为…做出贡献」用 make contributions to。这样两动作主次分明,而非并列堆砌。
第3句句首用目的状语自然承接第2句第2句讲已取得成效,第3句 为了不断改善人们的生活环境 用 To continuously improve... 的目的状语开头,顺势说明「为达成进一步改善而采取措施」,与前句的成效形成「已有成绩—继续努力」的递进,无需再额外加关联词。
第4句用Thanks to these measures回指第3句的措施第4句 通过这些措施 译为 Thanks to these measures,其中 these measures 直接回指第3句末尾的 a series of effective measures,用指示词承接避免重复罗列,把「采取措施」与「城乡变美」串成因果链。