For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
中文原文
中国政府十分重视绿色经济的发展。通过加强森林资源保护、加大污染治理力度等一系列措施,许多地区的生态环境得到了显著改善。绿水青山 (lucid waters and lush mountains) 促进了当地的旅游、健康等产业的发展,创造了可观的经济效益。如今,生态环境与人类社会和谐共存的观念在中国已深入人心。绿色经济的推进不仅能为中国可持续发展做出贡献,也为全球环境保护提供了宝贵经验。
参考译文
The Chinese government attaches great importance to the development of the green economy. Through a series of measures such as strengthening forest resource protection and intensifying pollution control, the ecological environment in many regions has improved remarkably. Lucid waters and lush mountains have promoted the development of local industries such as tourism and health care, generating considerable economic benefits. Today, the idea that ecology and human society can coexist in harmony has taken deep root in China. The promotion of the green economy not only contributes to China's sustainable development but also provides valuable experience for global environmental protection.
逐句译法
1. 中国政府十分重视绿色经济的发展。
参考译法:The Chinese government attaches great importance to the development of the green economy.
主干:主谓宾=政府+重视+发展(主语策略:原句主语)中文已有现成主语 中国政府,核心动词是 重视,宾语是 绿色经济的发展。骨架直接立成 The Chinese government attaches great importance to the development of the green economy,主谓宾一一对应,不必绕弯。
语法点:- 时态回指全篇基调用一般现在时:政府「重视」是当前一贯的态度,谓语用 attaches(第三人称单数)。 - 主谓一致主语 The Chinese government 是单数,谓语动词须加 s → attaches,别漏掉这个 s。 - 短语搭配「重视」最稳的地道说法是 attach importance to(importance 前可加 great 表「十分」),to 后接名词;也可用 value highly。不要写成 very value 这类中式表达。 - 冠词the green economy、the development 都用 the:特指中国正在发展的这一个绿色经济、这一项发展,是确定所指,加定冠词。
参考译法:Through a series of measures such as strengthening forest resource protection and intensifying pollution control, the ecological environment in many regions has improved remarkably.
主干:主谓=生态环境+已改善(主语策略:原句主语)句子真正的主干是后半截 许多地区的生态环境得到了显著改善,主语 the ecological environment(in many regions),谓语「得到改善」其实是「环境被改善了」,写成 has improved 或 has been improved。前半截 通过……等一系列措施 只是方式状语,不是主干。
语法点:- 时态「得到了显著改善」强调动作已完成并对现在有影响,偏离全篇基调、用现在完成时 has improved / has been improved,这是基调允许的例外。 - 语态「环境得到改善」是环境被改善,可用被动 has been improved;也可把 environment 作主语用主动 has improved(improve 可作不及物动词表「好转」)。两种都对,不要写成中式的 has been got improved。 - 单复数「许多地区」是复数 many regions;「一系列措施」用 a series of measures(measures 复数,series 不变)。 - 动词形式such as 之后的「加强、加大」必须用动名词 strengthening、intensifying(介词后跟 -ing),不能用动词原形 strengthen。
降级处理:措施块降级为 through 引导的状语通过加强森林资源保护、加大污染治理力度等一系列措施 整块降级成介词短语作状语:Through a series of measures such as strengthening forest resource protection and intensifying pollution control。注意「加强」「加大」是两个动词,并列后都改成动名词 strengthening / intensifying 挂在 such as 后,不另起谓语。
3. 绿水青山 (lucid waters and lush mountains) 促进了当地的旅游、健康等产业的发展,创造了可观的经济效益。
参考译法:Lucid waters and lush mountains have promoted the development of local industries such as tourism and health care, generating considerable economic benefits.
主干:主语=绿水青山,双谓语促进+创造(主语策略:原句主语)主语是原文给定译名的 绿水青山 (lucid waters and lush mountains),它有两个并列动作:促进了……产业的发展 和 创造了可观的经济效益。骨架是 Lucid waters and lush mountains have promoted… and created…,一个主语带两个并列谓语。
语法点:- 时态「促进了、创造了」表已产生并延续至今的成效,用现在完成时 have promoted、(have) created;主语是复数概念 lucid waters and lush mountains,助动词用 have。 - 单复数并列主语 waters and mountains 视为复数,谓语用 have 不用 has;「产业」复数 industries。 - 用词「可观的经济效益」译 considerable economic benefits(benefits 复数);「促进」用 promote/boost/facilitate 均可,不要用生硬的 push。 - 短语搭配「健康产业」指大健康产业,译 health care(industry)或 health industry 更准;「旅游业」tourism 本身即名词,不必再加 industry。
降级处理:两动作并列,时态保持一致两个谓语 have promoted 与 (have) created 并列,第二个谓语可省略助动词 have,只要时态平行即可。「当地的旅游、健康等产业」译成 the development of local industries such as tourism and health care,用 such as 列举、用 the development of 承接「……产业的发展」。
4. 如今,生态环境与人类社会和谐共存的观念在中国已深入人心。
参考译法:Today, the idea that ecology and human society can coexist in harmony has taken deep root in China.
主干:主语=观念,谓语=深入人心(主语策略:原句主语)主干主语是 观念(the idea / concept),谓语是 已深入人心(has taken root / become deeply rooted)。「生态环境与人类社会和谐共存的」整块是修饰「观念」的定语,「如今」「在中国」是时间/地点状语。
语法点:- 时态「已深入人心」表已完成且影响持续,用现在完成时 has taken root / has become deeply rooted;句首「如今」对应 Today / Nowadays,与完成时并不冲突。 - 短语搭配「深入人心」地道译法是 take root in people's minds / become deeply rooted / win popular support,不要逐字硬译成 deep into people's heart。 - 主谓一致主语是单数 the idea / concept,谓语用 has(单数第三人称)。 - 用词「和谐共存」译 coexist in harmony / harmonious coexistence;coexist 是不及物动词,「与……共存」用 coexist with 或 between A and B。
降级处理:长定语降级为同位语从句/介词短语生态环境与人类社会和谐共存的 这串定语降级安放到「观念」之后:the idea that ecology and human society coexist in harmony(that 引导同位语从句解释 idea),或 the idea of harmonious coexistence between the eco-environment and human society(介词短语)。绝不照中文语序把定语全堆在 idea 前面。
5. 绿色经济的推进不仅能为中国可持续发展做出贡献,也为全球环境保护提供了宝贵经验。
参考译法:The promotion of the green economy not only contributes to China's sustainable development but also provides valuable experience for global environmental protection.
主干:主语=推进,谓语=贡献+提供经验(主语策略:原句主语)主语是 绿色经济的推进(the promotion of the green economy),由「不仅……也……」连起两个并列谓语:为中国可持续发展做出贡献 和 为全球环境保护提供了宝贵经验。骨架=The promotion… not only contributes to… but also provides…。
语法点:- 时态整句陈述绿色经济推进的普遍意义,回指全篇基调用一般现在时 contributes、provides;主语 the promotion 单数,谓语加 s。 - 主谓一致主语是单数 the promotion,not only / but also 连接的两个谓语都用第三人称单数 contributes、provides。 - 短语搭配「为……做出贡献」固定搭配 contribute to(to 后接名词);「为……提供」provide… for…;「环境保护」environmental protection。 - 用词「宝贵经验」译 valuable experience,experience 表「经验」时不可数,不加 s,前面也不加 a。
降级处理:不仅……也……→not only… but also…「不仅……也……」是固定的递进关联,对应 not only… but (also)…,把两个谓语 contributes to 与 provides 分别嵌进去:not only contributes to China's sustainable development but also provides valuable experience for global environmental protection。两个谓语保持平行。
词汇与译名提示
绿色经济统一译作 the green economy。这是贯穿全篇的核心词,出现在 中国政府十分重视绿色经济的发展 与 绿色经济的推进,属约定俗成的固定译名,全篇只用这一种写法,不要一处 green economy、一处 eco-economy 来回换。
绿水青山原文已在括号里给定官方译法 绿水青山 (lucid waters and lush mountains),直接照搬这个译名即可,不要自己另译成 green water and blue mountains 之类。这是出题人给的「白送分」,照抄不丢分。
句2开头补「这些努力」承接句1句1说政府重视绿色经济、句2说采取措施后环境改善,二者是「态度→行动→成效」的顺承。句2句首的 Through a series of measures 已自然承接句1,无需另加关联词;若想更显衔接,可把 Through these measures 用 these 回指句1提到的重视与行动,避免读者觉得两句脱节。