China attaches increasing importance to lifelong education, and developing continuing education is an effective way to build a lifelong education system. As a base for cultivating talent, universities, possessing advanced teaching philosophies and superior teaching resources, should be the main providers of continuing education. Therefore, in recent years, many universities have been exploring a new path of continuing education that suits China's national conditions by adapting to social needs and strengthening communication with employers, so as to enable continuing education to play a greater role in the national development strategy.
逐句译法
1. 中国越来越重视终身教育,发展继续教育是构建终身教育体系的有效途径。
参考译法:China attaches increasing importance to lifelong education, and developing continuing education is an effective way to build a lifelong education system.
主干:拆成两个主谓:China attaches…+developing… is a way(主语策略:原句主语)这句中文有两层意思,宜拆成两句英文。前半 中国越来越重视终身教育 主语是‘中国’、核心动词是‘重视’,译 China attaches increasing importance to lifelong education;后半 发展继续教育是构建终身教育体系的有效途径 是‘A 是 B’判断句,把‘发展继续教育’这个动作用动名词 developing continuing education 作主语,谓语 is,表语 an effective way。
语法点:- 时态回指全篇基调用一般现在时:attaches、is 都用现在时,陈述的是中国当前的态度与一条客观成立的途径。 - 搭配‘重视’的地道搭配是 attach importance to sth;‘越来越重视’把 importance 前加 increasing/growing(attaches increasing importance to),或整句用 pays more and more attention to,避免逐字译成 more and more value。 - 主谓一致后句主语是动名词短语 Developing continuing education,视作单数第三人称,谓语用 is(不是 are)。 - 冠词‘一条有效途径’是泛指的一种途径,用不定冠词 an effective way;‘终身教育体系’泛指这一体系,a lifelong education system。
降级处理:逗号前后是两件事,拆成两句独立英文中文一个逗号连起的两层意思(中国重视终身教育/发展继续教育是有效途径),逻辑上是并列说明,硬用 and 连成一句会头重脚轻。更地道的是断成两句:China attaches increasing importance to lifelong education. Developing continuing education is an effective way to build a lifelong education system. ‘构建终身教育体系的’是修饰‘途径’的定语,用不定式 to build a lifelong education system 后置,比堆在 way 前面自然。
2. 高校作为人才培养的基地, 拥有先进的教学理念和优越的教学资源, 理应成为继续教育的办学主体。
参考译法:As a base for cultivating talent, universities, possessing advanced teaching philosophies and superior teaching resources, should be the main providers of continuing education.
主干:主语 universities,谓语 should be,表语 主体(主语策略:原句主语)这句中文主语很清楚就是 高校(universities),核心落点是 理应成为继续教育的办学主体——‘理应成为……主体’,谓语用 should be/should become,表语 the main providers of continuing education。前面‘作为人才培养的基地’‘拥有先进的教学理念和优越的教学资源’都是为这个结论作铺垫的修饰/并列成分,不抢主干。
语法点:- 情态动词‘理应’含‘按理应当’的语气,用 should(should be/should become)最贴切,比 must 委婉、比 will 准确。 - 单复数主语 universities 用复数泛指这一类机构,谓语 should be 不受单复数影响;表语‘办学主体’指多所高校共同承担,用复数 the main providers/the main body 视所选词而定。 - 时态should be 本身就是现在语气,符合全篇一般现在时基调,不必改时态。 - 搭配‘人才培养的基地’译 a base for cultivating/training talent(talent 表‘人才’作不可数集合名词,不加 s);‘办学主体’取意为‘主要办学者’译 the main providers,避免直译 running-school subject 这类中式词。
降级处理:‘作为基地’作状语,‘拥有……资源’作伴随分词高校作为人才培养的基地 的‘作为……’用 As a base for training talent 作句首状语;拥有先进的教学理念和优越的教学资源 这个动词‘拥有’降级成现在分词 possessing advanced teaching philosophies and superior teaching resources 作伴随状语;主干只留 should be the main providers of continuing education。三个动词只留一个作谓语,其余分别降为介词状语和分词,避免照中文用三个并列动词平铺。
参考译法:Therefore, in recent years, many universities have been exploring a new path of continuing education that suits China's national conditions by adapting to social needs and strengthening communication with employers, so as to enable continuing education to play a greater role in the national development strategy.
主干:主语 many universities,谓语落在‘努力探索’have been exploring(主语策略:原句主语)这句最长,主语是 许多高校(many universities)。三个动作‘适应社会需求/加强与用人单位沟通/努力探索新路’里,努力探索一条……继续教育发展新路 是最终目标、分量最重,提作主干谓语 have been exploring a new path…;‘适应需求’‘加强沟通’是为探索新路而做的并行努力,降级处理;末尾 以使继续教育……发挥更大的作用 是目的,用 so as to 引出。
语法点:- 时态近年来 配‘一直在探索’这一延续到现在的动作,用现在完成进行时 have been exploring 最贴切;这属现在范畴,与全篇一般现在时基调不冲突。若把握不准,用一般现在时 explore 也可接受。 - 主谓一致主语 many universities 是复数,助动词用 have(have been exploring),不是 has。 - 冠词‘一条新路’首次提及、泛指一条,用 a new path;‘国家发展战略’特指中国这一既定战略,用 the national development strategy。 - 介词搭配‘适应’用 adapt to,‘加强与……沟通’用 strengthen communication with,‘发挥作用’用 play a role in,‘符合国情’用 suit/meet/be in line with China's national conditions——这几个介词搭配错一个就丢分。 - 逻辑关联句首‘因此’承接上文的结论,用 Therefore 引出,逗号隔开。
降级处理:前两动作用 by doing 并列降级,末句目的用 so as to适应社会需求 与 加强与用人单位沟通 是探索新路的手段,可用 by adapting to social needs and strengthening communication with employers 作方式状语,或并列分词降级;主干 many universities have been exploring a new path of continuing education that suits China's national conditions——‘符合中国国情的’用定语从句 that suits… 后置修饰 path;末尾 以使继续教育在国家发展战略中发挥更大的作用 表目的,用 so as to enable continuing education to play a greater role in the national development strategy。四个动作没有平铺,而是‘手段+主干+目的’三层挂在一根主干上。
第3句内部:用 continuing education 串起首尾,保持术语一致第3句既出现 a new path of continuing education,末尾又 enable continuing education to play a greater role,前后都用同一译法 continuing education 承接同一概念,整篇术语统一、读着连贯。