46. How could California's drought crisis be solved according to some researchers?
- A. By building more reserves of groundwater.
- B. By drawing water from the depths of the earth.
- C. By developing more advanced drilling devices.
- D. By upgrading its water distribution system.
答案：B
答案句：New research has found deep water reserves under the state which could help solve their drought crisis. Previous drilling of wells could only reach depths of 1,000 feet, but due to new pumping practices, water deeper than this can now be extracted (抽取).
参考译文：新研究发现该州地下深处有水资源，可能有助于解决其干旱危机。以前的钻井只能达到1000英尺的深度，但由于新的抽水方法，现在可以抽取比这更深的水。
定位线索：题干“How could California's drought crisis be solved”→答案句“deep water reserves under the state...could help solve their drought crisis”；文中“water deeper than this can now be extracted”对应选项B“drawing water from the depths of the earth”。
解析：题干问研究人员认为如何解决加州干旱危机，答案句明确指出发现地下深层水资源可帮助解决危机，且新技术能抽取更深的水，对应B选项“从地球深处取水”。A选项“建造更多地下水储备”无中生有，文中未提及建造；C选项“开发更先进的钻井设备”偷换概念，文中说的是新抽水方法而非设备；D选项“升级水分配系统”是文中提到的现状问题，并非解决方案。
48. What is mentioned as a consequence of extracting water from deep underground?
- A. The sinking of land surface.
- B. The harm to the ecosystem.
- C. The damage to aquifers.
- D. The change of the climate.
答案：A
答案句：The biggest concern of pumping out water from this deep is the gradual settling down of the land surface. As the water is pumped out, the vacant space left is compacted by the weight of the earth above.
参考译文：从这么深的地方抽水最大的担忧是地表逐渐沉降。当水被抽出后，留下的空隙被上方土层的重量压实。
定位线索：题干“What is mentioned as a consequence of extracting water from deep underground”→答案句“the gradual settling down of the land surface”；文中“settling down of the land surface”对应选项A“sinking of land surface”。
解析：答案句直接提到抽水导致地表逐渐沉降，即地面下沉，对应A选项。B选项“对生态系统的危害”、C选项“对蓄水层的破坏”、D选项“气候变化”均未在文中提及，属于无中生有。