46. What are big houses promoted to be in the United States?
- A. A luxury for the homeless.
- B. A reward for industriousness.
- C. An abundant source of comforts.
- D. An absolute necessity for happiness.
答案：B
答案句：Big houses are advertized as a reward for hard work and diligence, turning housing from a basic necessity into a luxury.
参考译文：大房子被宣传为对努力工作和勤奋的奖励，将住房从基本必需品转变为奢侈品。
定位线索：题干“What are big houses promoted to be”→答案句“Big houses are advertized as”；文中“a reward for hard work and diligence”对应选项B“A reward for industriousness”（“hard work and diligence”与“industriousness”同义改写）。
解析：题干问大房子在美国被宣传为什么，答案句明确指出“Big houses are advertized as a reward for hard work and diligence”，即大房子被宣传为努力工作的奖励，与选项B“A reward for industriousness”直接对应。选项A“A luxury for the homeless”偷换概念，原文说“turning housing from a basic necessity into a luxury”，但未提及homeless；选项C“An abundant source of comforts”无中生有，原文未提及comforts；选项D“An absolute necessity for happiness”与原文“turning housing from a basic necessity”矛盾，原文说住房从必需品变为奢侈品，而非幸福的必需品。
47. What is one of the consequences of living big?
- A. Many Americans' quality of life has become lower.
- B. People from diverse backgrounds no longer socialize.
- C. People no longer have access to public swimming pools.
- D. Many Americans' private life has been negatively affected.
答案：A
答案句：Second, once-public spaces, where people from diverse backgrounds used to come together, have increasingly become privatized, leading to a reduction in the number of public facilities available to all, and a reduced quality of life for many.
参考译文：第二，曾经供不同背景的人们聚集的公共空间日益私有化，导致可供所有人使用的公共设施减少，许多人的生活质量下降。
定位线索：题干“one of the consequences of living big”→答案句“leading to a reduction in the number of public facilities available to all, and a reduced quality of life for many”；文中“a reduced quality of life for many”对应选项A“Many Americans' quality of life has become lower”（“reduced”与“lower”同义改写）。
解析：题干问住大房子的后果之一，答案句明确指出“leading to a reduction in the number of public facilities available to all, and a reduced quality of life for many”，即公共设施减少、许多人生活质量下降，与选项A“Many Americans' quality of life has become lower”直接对应。选项B“People from diverse backgrounds no longer socialize”程度过重，原文说“used to come together”但未说不再社交；选项C“People no longer have access to public swimming pools”范围扩大，原文仅以游泳池为例，说“public municipal pools were often closed”，但未说所有人无法使用；选项D“Many Americans' private life has been negatively affected”答非所问，原文说的是公共空间减少，而非私人生活受影响。
48. What questions arises from living big?
- A. Questions related to moral principles.
- B. Questions having to do with labor cost.
- C. Questions about what lifestyle to promote.
- D. Questions concerning housing development.
答案：A
答案句：The trend for bigger housing thus poses ethical questions.
参考译文：因此，大房子的趋势引发了伦理问题。
定位线索：题干“What questions arises from living big”→答案句“The trend for bigger housing thus poses ethical questions”；文中“ethical questions”对应选项A“Questions related to moral principles”（“ethical”与“moral principles”同义改写）。
解析：题干问住大房子引发什么问题，答案句明确指出“The trend for bigger housing thus poses ethical questions”，即引发伦理问题，与选项A“Questions related to moral principles”直接对应。选项B“Questions having to do with labor cost”偷换概念，原文虽提及低薪劳工，但问题本质是伦理而非劳动成本；选项C“Questions about what lifestyle to promote”无中生有，原文未提及推广何种生活方式；选项D“Questions concerning housing development”范围过大，原文特指伦理问题，而非一般住房发展问题。
50. What does the author advocate for people to live well?
- A. Finding ways to turn private spaces into public ones.
- B. Building more houses affordable to those less affluent.
- C. More public spaces created for everyone to enjoy.
- D. All amenities made accessible to the rich and the poor alike.
答案：C
答案句：We must change the way we think: living well does not need to mean having more private spaces; instead, it could mean having more public spaces. A better goal than building bigger houses for some is to create more publicly accessible spaces and amenities for all.
参考译文：我们必须改变思维方式：过得好并不意味着拥有更多私人空间；相反，它可能意味着拥有更多公共空间。比为一些人建造更大的房子更好的目标，是为所有人创造更多可公共使用的空间和便利设施。
定位线索：题干“What does the author advocate for people to live well”→答案句“living well does not need to mean having more private spaces; instead, it could mean having more public spaces”和“create more publicly accessible spaces and amenities for all”；文中“more public spaces”对应选项C“More public spaces created for everyone to enjoy”（“for all”与“for everyone”对应）。
解析：题干问作者倡导人们如何过得好，答案句明确指出“living well does not need to mean having more private spaces; instead, it could mean having more public spaces”，并说“create more publicly accessible spaces and amenities for all”，即倡导为所有人创造更多公共空间，与选项C“More public spaces created for everyone to enjoy”直接对应。选项A“Finding ways to turn private spaces into public ones”偷换概念，原文说“having more public spaces”，但未说要转化私人空间；选项B“Building more houses affordable to those less affluent”无中生有，原文未提及可负担住房；选项D“All amenities made accessible to the rich and the poor alike”范围扩大，原文说“amenities for all”，但未特指“the rich and the poor”，且“all amenities”过于绝对。