51. What do we learn from the passage about the economics professor and her hairdresser?
- A. They differ in their reasons for continuing to work.
- B. They are both committed to working into their 70s.
- C. They are happy about their current financial situation.
- D. They hold different views about postponing retirement.
答案：A
答案句：Katharine Abraham, an economics professor, was chatting with her hairdresser(理发师)about retirement plans. The economist said she plans to continue working because she wants to. The hairdresser agreed but for a different reason: She needs the money.
参考译文：经济学教授凯瑟琳·亚伯拉罕正与她的理发师聊退休计划。这位经济学家说她计划继续工作，因为她想工作。理发师也同意继续工作，但原因不同：她需要钱。
定位线索：题干“economics professor and her hairdresser”→答案句首句“Katharine Abraham, an economics professor...her hairdresser”；文中“because she wants to”对应选项A“differ in their reasons”；文中“for a different reason: She needs the money”对应选项A“differ in their reasons”。
解析：题干问经济学教授和理发师的情况，答案句直接描述两人对话：教授因“wants to”继续工作，理发师因“needs the money”继续工作，原因不同，对应A项“differ in their reasons”。B项“committed”程度过重，文中未提承诺；C项“happy about financial situation”无中生有；D项“hold different views about postponing retirement”偷换概念，两人都同意推迟退休，只是原因不同。
52. What is one of the reasons for people to delay retirement?
- A. More and more people have switched to less intellectually challenging jobs.
- B. The number of jobs suitable for older people has increased in the private sector
- C. The rate of wage increase in terms of purchasing power has slowed down for years.
- D. More and more people in the workplace find it hard to rely on traditional pensions.
答案：C
答案句：economists say that a combination of financial considerations such as years of slow rise in real wages and a shift away from traditional pensions in the private sector are some of the reasons people delay retirement.
参考译文：经济学家表示，一系列财务考量，例如实际工资多年缓慢增长以及私营部门传统养老金减少，是人们推迟退休的部分原因。
定位线索：题干“one of the reasons for people to delay retirement”→答案句“some of the reasons people delay retirement”；文中“slow rise in real wages”对应选项C“rate of wage increase in terms of purchasing power has slowed down”（实际工资=购买力）；文中“shift away from traditional pensions”对应选项D，但D“hard to rely on”偷换概念。
解析：题干问推迟退休的原因之一，答案句列举了“slow rise in real wages”和“shift away from traditional pensions”。C项将“slow rise in real wages”同义转述为“rate of wage increase in terms of purchasing power has slowed down”，正确。A项“less intellectually challenging jobs”与原文“less labor-intensive occupations”偷换概念；B项“jobs suitable for older people increased”无中生有；D项“hard to rely on traditional pensions”偷换概念，原文是“shift away from”（转向离开），并非“难以依赖”。