46. How can competitive rivalry benefit entrepreneurs according to the passage?
- A. By enabling them to outcompete other entrepreneurs.
- B. By enabling them to make their venture a success.
- C. By helping them to reach long-term goals.
- D. By helping them to stay goal-oriented.
答案：D
答案句：Having a rival can keep you committed to achieving your goals and enhance your overall performance. … Finding someone you're committed to outcompeting can be a great way to stay focused on your goals and push your venture to the next level.
参考译文：拥有一个竞争对手可以让你致力于实现自己的目标，并提升你的整体表现。… 找到一个你决心要超越的人，是保持专注目标、将事业推向新高度的好方法。
定位线索：题干“How can competitive rivalry benefit entrepreneurs”→答案句取自第1段“Having a rival can keep you committed to achieving your goals”和第2段“Finding someone you're committed to outcompeting can be a great way to stay focused on your goals”；文中“keep you committed to achieving your goals”和“stay focused on your goals”对应选项D“helping them to stay goal-oriented”。
解析：题干问竞争性对手如何使企业家受益。答案句明确指出拥有对手能让人“committed to achieving your goals”和“stay focused on your goals”，即保持目标导向，与选项D“stay goal-oriented”直接对应。选项A“outcompete other entrepreneurs”是竞争行为本身而非益处；选项B“make their venture a success”过于绝对，文中只说“push your venture to the next level”；选项C“reach long-term goals”偷换概念，文中未提“long-term”。
47. What is one of the traps entrepreneurs may often fall into when competing with rivals?
- A. They may adopt strategies that are bound to ruin their venture.
- B. They may resort to unethical means to outperform their rivals.
- C. They may be too eager to succeed while ignoring the huge labor cost.
- D. They may be intently focused on winning at the current market level.
答案：B
答案句：But when you're intently focused on outperforming your rivals, you may begin to develop a “win-at-all-costs” mentality that causes you to ignore how you achieve success. One group of researchers, for example, examined the link between rivalry and unethical behavior. They found that when people compete against their rivals, they are more willing to behave unethically to win.
参考译文：但当你一心专注于超越对手时，可能会开始形成一种“不惜一切代价取胜”的心态，导致你忽视如何取得成功。例如，一组研究人员研究了竞争与不道德行为之间的联系。他们发现，当人们与对手竞争时，他们更愿意采取不道德的行为来获胜。
定位线索：题干“one of the traps entrepreneurs may often fall into”→答案句取自第2段“when you're intently focused on outperforming your rivals...”和“They found that when people compete against their rivals, they are more willing to behave unethically to win”；文中“behave unethically to win”对应选项B“resort to unethical means to outperform their rivals”。
解析：题干问竞争时企业家常陷入的陷阱之一。答案句明确指出竞争会导致“win-at-all-costs”心态，并引用研究证明人们更愿意“behave unethically to win”，即用不道德手段取胜，与选项B直接对应。选项A“strategies that are bound to ruin their venture”程度过重，文中只说“may stain your reputation”；选项C“ignoring the huge labor cost”无中生有；选项D“winning at the current market level”偷换概念，文中未提“market level”。