51. How might people often feel when they were misnamed?
- A. Unwanted.
- B. Unhappy.
- C. Confused.
- D. Indifferent.
答案：B
答案句：If you were like most children, you probably got upset when your mother called you by a sibling's(兄弟姐妹的)name. How could she not know you? Did it mean she loved you less?
参考译文：如果你和大多数孩子一样，当妈妈用兄弟姐妹的名字叫你时，你可能会感到不安。她怎么会不认识你？这是否意味着她爱你更少？
定位线索：题干“How might people often feel when they were misnamed”→答案句首句“you probably got upset”；文中“upset”对应选项B“Unhappy”（同义改写）。
解析：题干问被叫错名字时人们常有的感受，答案句首句明确说“you probably got upset”，“upset”意为“不高兴、心烦”，与选项B“Unhappy”直接对应。选项A“Unwanted”（不被需要）和C“Confused”（困惑）在原文无依据，选项D“Indifferent”（冷漠）与“upset”相反，均排除。
52. What did David Rubin's research find about misnaming?
- A. It is related to the way our memories work.
- B. It is a possible indicator of a faulty memory.
- C. It occurs mostly between kids and their friends.
- D. It often causes misunderstandings among people.
答案：A
答案句：According to the first research to tackle this topic head-on, misnaming the most familiar people in our life is a common cognitive (认知的)error that has to do with how our memories classify and store familiar names.
参考译文：根据第一项正面研究这一话题的研究，叫错我们生活中最熟悉的人的名字是一种常见的认知错误，与我们的记忆如何分类和存储熟悉的名字有关。
定位线索：题干“David Rubin's research find about misnaming”→答案句“According to the first research”（即David Rubin的研究）；文中“has to do with how our memories classify and store familiar names”对应选项A“related to the way our memories work”（同义改写）。
解析：题干问David Rubin的研究发现，答案句指出叫错名字“has to do with how our memories classify and store familiar names”，即与记忆运作方式有关，对应选项A。选项B“faulty memory”（记忆缺陷）在原文未提及，属于无中生有；选项C“occurs mostly between kids and their friends”范围缩小，原文说“children, siblings, friends”；选项D“causes misunderstandings”原文未提及。
53. What is most likely the cause of misnaming?
- A. Similar personality traits.
- B. Similar spellings of names.
- C. Similar physical appearance.
- D. Similar pronunciation of names.
答案：D
答案句：The study also found that within that group, misnamings occurred where the names shared initial or internal sounds, like Jimmy and Joanie or John and Bob. Physical resemblance between people was not a factor. Nor was gender.
参考译文：研究还发现，在该群体内，当名字有相同首音或内部音时会发生叫错，比如Jimmy和Joanie或John和Bob。人们之间的身体相似不是因素，性别也不是。
定位线索：题干“most likely the cause of misnaming”→答案句“names shared initial or internal sounds”；文中“shared initial or internal sounds”对应选项D“Similar pronunciation of names”（同义改写）。
解析：题干问叫错名字最可能的原因，答案句明确指出“misnamings occurred where the names shared initial or internal sounds”，即名字发音相似，对应选项D。选项C“Similar physical appearance”被原文“Physical resemblance was not a factor”直接否定；选项A“personality traits”和B“spellings”原文未提及，排除。
54. What did the surveys of more than 1,700 subjects find about misnaming?
- A. It more often than not hurts relationships.
- B. It hardly occurs across gender boundaries.
- C. It is most frequently found in extended families.
- D. It most often occurs within a relationship group.
答案：D
答案句：All the surveys found that people mixed up names within relationship groups such as grandchildren, friends and siblings but hardly ever crossed these boundaries.
参考译文：所有调查都发现，人们会在关系群体内（如孙辈、朋友和兄弟姐妹）混淆名字，但几乎不会跨越这些界限。
定位线索：题干“surveys of more than 1,700 subjects find”→答案句“All the surveys found”；文中“mixed up names within relationship groups”对应选项D“most often occurs within a relationship group”（同义改写）。
解析：题干问1700多名受试者的调查发现，答案句明确说“people mixed up names within relationship groups...but hardly ever crossed these boundaries”，即叫错名字主要发生在关系群体内，对应选项D。选项B“hardly occurs across gender boundaries”偷换概念，原文说的是“relationship groups”而非“gender”；选项A“hurts relationships”和C“extended families”原文未提及，排除。
55. Why do mothers misname their children more often than fathers?
- A. They suffer more frustrations.
- B. They become worn out more often.
- C. They communicate more with their children.
- D. They generally take on more work at home.
答案：C
答案句：Also, mothers may call on their children more often than fathers, given traditional gender norms.
参考译文：此外，鉴于传统的性别规范，母亲可能比父亲更频繁地呼唤孩子。
定位线索：题干“Why do mothers misname their children more often than fathers”→答案句“mothers may call on their children more often than fathers”；文中“call on their children more often”对应选项C“communicate more with their children”（同义改写）。
解析：题干问母亲比父亲更常叫错孩子名字的原因，答案句指出“mothers may call on their children more often than fathers”，即母亲与孩子交流更多，对应选项C。选项A“suffer more frustrations”和B“become worn out”在原文中虽提及“frustrated, tired”但被“There was no evidence”否定，属于偷换概念；选项D“take on more work at home”原文未提及，排除。