46. What does the author say about the threat of robots?
- A. It may constitute a challenge to computer programmers.
- B. It accompanies all machinery involving high technology.
- C. It Can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.
- D. It has become an inevitable peril as technology gets more sophisticated.
答案：C
答案句：This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.
参考译文：根据计算机科学教授斯图尔特·拉塞尔的说法，如果我们能弄清楚如何将人类价值观转化为可编程代码，这种危险就可以避免。
定位线索：题干“threat of robots”→答案句“This danger”；文中“turn human values into a programmable code”对应选项C“human values are translated into their language”。
解析：题干问作者关于机器人威胁的说法。答案句明确指出“This danger can be avoided”，且条件为“if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code”，与选项C“It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language”完全对应。选项A“对程序员构成挑战”无中生有；选项B“伴随所有高科技机械”范围扩大；选项D“不可避免的危险”与原文“can be avoided”矛盾。
48. How do robots learn human values?
- A. By interacting with humans in everyday life situations.
- B. By following the daily routines of civilized human beings.
- C. By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.
- D. By imitating the behavior of properly brought-up human beings.
答案：C
答案句：Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior.
参考译文：机器人还可以通过从大量人类行为数据中提取模式来学习价值观。
定位线索：题干“How do robots learn human values”→答案句“learn values from drawing patterns”；文中“drawing patterns from large sets of data”对应选项C“picking up patterns from massive data”。
解析：题干问机器人如何学习人类价值观。答案句直接说明“learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior”，与选项C“picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior”同义转述。选项A“与人类日常互动”、B“遵循文明人的日常习惯”、D“模仿有教养的人的行为”均无原文依据，属于无中生有。