46. What do we learn from the passage about practicing mindfulness?
- A. It triggers our mind to reflect on past experiences or anticipate future events.
- B. It focuses our attention on the present moment without making judgments.
- C. It concentrates our mind on our personal feelings, happy or scary.
- D. It helps our mind to stay calm when facing judgments from others.
答案：B
答案句：This practice of mindfulness can help calm the mind and the body as we learn not to react to experience with likes and dislikes or judgments of good and bad. … The practice is based on an insight first described in ancient Buddhist texts that human beings have the capacity to observe experience without being caught up in it.
参考译文：这种正念练习可以帮助平静心灵和身体，因为我们学会不对经验做出喜欢或不喜欢、好或坏的反应。… 这种练习基于古代佛教文本中首次描述的一种洞见，即人类有能力观察经验而不被其纠缠。
定位线索：题干“practicing mindfulness”→答案句“This practice of mindfulness”；文中“not to react to experience with likes and dislikes or judgments of good and bad”对应选项B“without making judgments”；文中“observe experience without being caught up in it”对应选项B“focuses our attention on the present moment”。
解析：题干问从文章中学到关于正念练习的什么。答案句明确指出正念练习让我们学会不对经验做出好恶或好坏判断，且能观察经验而不被纠缠，这与选项B“将注意力集中在当下而不做判断”直接对应。选项A“触发我们反思过去或预期未来”与原文“without being caught up in it”相反，是偷换概念；选项C“专注于个人感受”与原文“not to react to experience”不符；选项D“面对他人评判时保持冷静”原文未提及，属于无中生有。
48. What happens with the prevalent use of mobile phones or social media?
- A. They keep distracting users from the here and now.
- B. They render users incapable of resisting temptation.
- C. They rob users of their ability to observe experience.
- D. They tempt users to endorse the attention economy.
答案：A
答案句：The devices most people use are a perpetual diversion from the present moment.
参考译文：大多数人使用的设备是对当下时刻的永久性分散。
定位线索：题干“prevalent use of mobile phones or social media”→答案句“The devices most people use”；文中“a perpetual diversion from the present moment”对应选项A“keep distracting users from the here and now”。
解析：题干问手机或社交媒体普遍使用带来的结果。答案句明确指出这些设备是对当下时刻的永久性分散，即不断让用户分心，这与选项A“让用户不断从当下分心”直接对应。选项B“让用户无法抵抗诱惑”原文未提及；选项C“剥夺用户观察经验的能力”偷换概念，原文说的是分散注意力而非剥夺能力；选项D“诱使用户支持注意力经济”原文未提及，属于无中生有。