46. What do people generally think about drawing?
- A. It is a gift creative people are endowed with.
- B. It is a skill that is acquired with practice.
- C. It is an art form that is appreciated by all.
- D. It is an ability everyone should cultivate.
答案：A
答案句：We often think of drawing as something that takes inborn talent, but this kind of thinking stems from our misclassification of drawing as, primarily, an art form rather than a tool for learning. … Rather than think of drawing as a talent that some creative people are gifted in, we should consider it as a tool for seeing and understanding the world better-one that just so happens to double as an art form.
参考译文：我们常常认为绘画需要天生的才能，但这种想法源于我们错误地将绘画主要归类为一种艺术形式，而不是一种学习工具。… 与其把绘画看作某些有创造力的人所拥有的天赋，我们应该把它视为一种更好地观察和理解世界的工具——一种恰好也兼作艺术形式的东西。
定位线索：题干“What do people generally think about drawing”→答案句取自第1段“We often think of drawing as something that takes inborn talent”；文中“inborn talent”对应选项A“a gift creative people are endowed with”。
解析：题干问人们对绘画的普遍看法，答案句首句直接指出人们认为绘画需要“inborn talent”（天生的才能），这与选项A“a gift creative people are endowed with”（有创造力的人被赋予的天赋）同义。末段再次强调“rather than think of drawing as a talent”，进一步印证。选项B“通过练习获得的技能”与原文“inborn talent”矛盾；选项C“被所有人欣赏的艺术形式”原文未提及；选项D“每个人都应培养的能力”是作者建议而非普遍看法。
48. What does Professor D.B.Dowd argue in his book?
- A. Everybody is born with the capacity to draw.
- B. Drawing is a skill that requires special training.
- C. The value of drawing tends to be overestimated.
- D. Drawing should be redefined as a realistic illusion.
答案：A
答案句：In his book, Stick Figures: Drawing as a Human Practice, Professor D.B. Dowd argues that we have misfiled the significance of drawing because we see it as a professional skill instead of a personal capacity.
参考译文：在他的著作《简笔画：作为人类实践的绘画》中，D.B. 道德教授认为，我们错误地归档了绘画的意义，因为我们把它看作一种专业技能，而不是一种个人能力。
定位线索：题干“What does Professor D.B.Dowd argue in his book”→答案句取自第4段“Professor D.B. Dowd argues that we have misfiled the significance of drawing”；文中“personal capacity”对应选项A“born with the capacity to draw”。
解析：题干问Dowd教授的观点，答案句说他主张绘画应被视为“personal capacity”（个人能力）而非“professional skill”（专业技能），个人能力暗示与生俱来，对应选项A“天生具备绘画能力”。选项B“需要特殊训练的技能”与原文“professional skill”同义，但这是Dowd批评的错误看法；选项C“价值被高估”与原文“misfiled”（错误归档）不符，原文说价值被错误定位而非高估；选项D“应被重新定义为现实幻象”是原文提到的错误看法，非Dowd主张。
49. What have some researchers found from one study about doodling?
- A. It is a must for maintaining a base level of brain activity.
- B. It can turn something boring into something interesting.
- C. It is the most reliable stimulant to activate the brain.
- D. It helps improve concentration and memory.
答案：D
答案句：In one study, participants were asked to listen to a list of names while either doodling or sitting still. Those who doodled remembered 29 percent more of the names than those who did not.
参考译文：在一项研究中，参与者被要求一边听一串名字，一边涂画或静坐。涂画的人比不涂画的人多记住了29%的名字。
定位线索：题干“What have some researchers found from one study about doodling”→答案句取自第6段“In one study, participants were asked to listen to a list of names”；文中“remembered 29 percent more”对应选项D“improves concentration and memory”。
解析：题干问涂画研究的结果，答案句明确指出涂画者比不涂画者多记住29%的名字，说明涂画有助于记忆，对应选项D“提高注意力和记忆力”。选项A“维持大脑基线活动所必需”程度过重，原文说涂画“激活”默认回路，未说“必需”；选项B“把无聊的事变得有趣”无中生有；选项C“最可靠的刺激物”程度过重且原文未提“最可靠”。