51. What do people tend to do while engaging in a conversation?
- A. Repeat what their partners say one way or another.
- B. Focus as much as possible on topics of mutual interest.
- C. Imitate their partners' gestures without their knowing it.
- D. Observe carefully how their partners make use of gestures.
答案：C
答案句：Emulating your conversation partner's actions is a common human behavior classified as “mirroring” and has been known and studied by psychologists for years. We all tend to subconsciously copy gestures of people we like.
参考译文：模仿你对话伙伴的行为是一种常见的人类行为，被归类为“镜像行为”，多年来心理学家们已经知晓并研究过它。我们都倾向于下意识地模仿我们喜欢的人的手势。
定位线索：题干“What do people tend to do while engaging in a conversation”→答案句取自第1段“We all tend to subconsciously copy gestures of people we like”；文中“subconsciously copy gestures”对应选项C“Imitate their partners' gestures without their knowing it”。
解析：题干问人们在交谈中倾向于做什么，答案句明确指出“我们都倾向于下意识地模仿我们喜欢的人的手势”，其中“subconsciously”对应选项C中的“without their knowing it”，“copy gestures”对应“imitate their partners' gestures”，因此C正确。选项A“重复对方说的话”文中未提及，属于无中生有；选项B“专注于共同感兴趣的话题”和D“观察对方如何使用手势”均与原文“模仿手势”不符，属于偷换概念。
52. When does mirroring usually take place in a conversation?
- A. When both sides are sympathetic with each other.
- B. When both sides have a lot of things in common.
- C. When both sides make interesting contributions.
- D. When both sides try to seek common ground.
答案：B
答案句：As a rule, mirroring means that conversationalists enjoy their communication and that there's a certain level of agreement between them. The topic of discussion is equally interesting for both and they know their interests meet.
参考译文：通常，镜像行为意味着交谈者享受他们的交流，并且他们之间存在一定程度的共识。讨论的话题对双方来说都同样有趣，并且他们知道彼此的兴趣相投。
定位线索：题干“When does mirroring usually take place in a conversation”→答案句取自第2段“mirroring means that conversationalists enjoy their communication and that there's a certain level of agreement between them”；文中“their interests meet”对应选项B“both sides have a lot of things in common”。
解析：题干问镜像行为通常在什么情况下发生，答案句指出镜像行为意味着交谈者之间存在一定程度的共识，且“他们知道彼此的兴趣相投”，即双方有共同点，对应选项B“双方有很多共同之处”。选项A“双方都同情对方”曲解了“agreement”的含义；选项C“双方都做出有趣的贡献”和D“双方都试图寻求共同点”在原文中未提及，属于无中生有。
53. What do we learn about popular culture?
- A. It encourages people to imitate.
- B. It appeals mostly to big names.
- C. It acquaints young people with their idols.
- D. It can change people's mode of cognition.
答案：A
答案句：Repeating someone's behavior is typical of talented communicators, not always because the person is sympathetic, but because there is a goal to be achieved. This way new idols have been brought to the stage: politicians, celebrities, and other big names. Popular culture makes people want to look popular, and act and speak like popular people.
参考译文：重复某人的行为是才华横溢的沟通者的典型特征，不一定是因为那个人有同情心，而是因为有一个目标要实现。这样，新的偶像被带上了舞台：政治家、名人和其他大人物。流行文化使人们想要看起来受欢迎，并像受欢迎的人一样行事和说话。
定位线索：题干“What do we learn about popular culture”→答案句取自第3段“Popular culture makes people want to look popular, and act and speak like popular people”；文中“act and speak like popular people”对应选项A“encourages people to imitate”。
解析：题干问关于流行文化我们能了解到什么，答案句明确指出“流行文化使人们想要看起来受欢迎，并像受欢迎的人一样行事和说话”，即鼓励人们模仿，对应选项A。选项B“主要吸引大人物”与原文“使人们想要像受欢迎的人一样”不符，属于偷换概念；选项C“让年轻人认识偶像”和D“能改变人们的认知模式”在原文中未提及，属于无中生有。
55. Why does the author say imitation is rather paradoxical?
- A. It is liable to different interpretations.
- B. It is by and large a necessary evil.
- C. It can give rise to endless disputes.
- D. It may do harm as well as good.
答案：D
答案句：Imitation is rather paradoxical. As an integral part of learning, it brings about positive changes, making people develop and grow. However, it may do a lot of harm. Copying someone's thoughts, ideas or inventions is completely unacceptable. It infringes on intellectual property rights of others.
参考译文：模仿是相当矛盾的。作为学习的一个组成部分，它带来积极的变化，使人们发展和成长。然而，它可能造成很多伤害。抄袭他人的思想、想法或发明是完全不可接受的。它侵犯了他人的知识产权。
定位线索：题干“Why does the author say imitation is rather paradoxical”→答案句取自第8段“Imitation is rather paradoxical. As an integral part of learning, it brings about positive changes... However, it may do a lot of harm”；文中“brings about positive changes”和“may do a lot of harm”对应选项D“may do harm as well as good”。
解析：题干问为什么作者说模仿是矛盾的，答案句先指出模仿“带来积极的变化”，随后用“However”转折指出“它可能造成很多伤害”，即模仿既有好处也有坏处，对应选项D。选项A“容易产生不同解释”和C“可能引发无休止的争议”在原文中未提及，属于无中生有；选项B“大体上是一种必要的恶”程度过重，原文并未说模仿是“必要的恶”，且“by and large”与原文“paradoxical”不符，属于偷换概念。