47. What did years of research suggest about self-discipline?
- A. It is a depletable resource.
- B. It is bolstered through use.
- C. Its strength is dependent on willpower.
- D. Its exercise is an exhausting experience.
答案：A
答案句：For years, research in psychology pointed to self-control as a resource that is depleted with use and needs to be restored through breaks, rest, or sleep.
参考译文：多年来，心理学研究指出自我控制是一种随使用而耗尽的资源，需要通过休息、休整或睡眠来恢复。
定位线索：题干“years of research”→答案句“For years, research in psychology”；文中“depleted with use”对应选项A“depletable resource”（可耗尽的资源）；题干“suggested”对应答案句“pointed to”。
解析：题干问多年研究对自律的看法。答案句直接说“self-control as a resource that is depleted with use”，即自我控制是可耗尽的资源，选项A“It is a depletable resource”是原文的同义转述。选项B“bolstered through use”是最近研究的观点，时间错位；选项C和D在原文中无直接依据，属于无中生有。
48. Why does the author ask us to reflect on our experience of meeting the goal despite initial difficulty?
- A. To show the urgency of abandoning outdated beliefs about self-control.
- B. To show the feasibility of viewing self-discipline as a force fueling itself.
- C. To support the argument for persistence in workplace accomplishments.
- D. To add evidence to consistent findings in previous psychological research.
答案：B
答案句：Reflect on times that you had initial difficulty resisting temptation, getting started on something, or sticking with it, but pushed ahead and accomplished the task or met the goal. That's the kind of experience we're talking about with this particular belief about self-discipline, and you've already had such an experience, so you've shown that it's possible.
参考译文：回想那些你最初难以抵制诱惑、开始做某事或坚持某事，但最终推动自己完成任务或达成目标的时刻。这就是我们所说的关于自律这一特定信念的那种经历，而且你已经有过这样的经历，所以你已经证明了这是可能的。
定位线索：题干“reflect on our experience of meeting the goal despite initial difficulty”→答案句“Reflect on times that you had initial difficulty...but pushed ahead and accomplished the task”；文中“you've shown that it's possible”对应选项B“feasibility”（可行性）；文中“this particular belief about self-discipline”指前文“self-discipline as a force that feeds itself”。
解析：题干问作者为什么让我们反思克服困难达成目标的经历。答案句明确指出这种经历“shown that it's possible”，即证明了将自律视为自我助燃的力量是可行的，选项B“To show the feasibility of viewing self-discipline as a force fueling itself”正是对此的同义转述。例子本身（反思经历）不是答案依据，例子后的观点句“you've shown that it's possible”才是关键。选项A“abandoning outdated beliefs”无中生有；选项C范围扩大，文中未特指职场；选项D“consistent findings”与文中“More recently, however”的转折矛盾。
49. What are we advised to do if we cannot afford to take breaks to recharge?
- A. Figure out what has gone wrong.
- B. Focus on the hardest part of our task.
- C. Exert ourselves to go on with the work.
- D. Gather new energy from people around.
答案：C
答案句：If not, remind yourself that not everyone experiences self-discipline as a depletable resource and that your experience might be different if you focus on gathering more energy at this point rather than focusing on how difficult it is to continue or the need for a break.
参考译文：如果不能，提醒自己，并非每个人都把自律体验为一种可消耗的资源，如果你此刻专注于聚集更多能量，而不是专注于继续有多困难或需要休息，你的体验可能会不同。
定位线索：题干“cannot afford to take breaks”→答案句“If not”（指代前文“can afford to take those breaks”的否定）；文中“focus on gathering more energy”对应选项C“exert ourselves to go on with the work”（继续工作）；题干“advised to do”对应答案句“remind yourself”。
解析：题干问如果不能休息时我们被建议做什么。答案句说应“focus on gathering more energy”而非“focusing on how difficult it is to continue”，即继续坚持工作，选项C“Exert ourselves to go on with the work”是对此的概括。选项A“figure out what has gone wrong”无中生有；选项B“focus on the hardest part”与原文“focusing on how difficult it is”相反；选项D“gather new energy from people around”偷换概念，原文是聚集自身能量而非从他人获取。
50. Why does the author compare our self-discipline to a muscle?
- A. The more it is applied, the more resistance it encounters.
- B. The more it is exerted, the more proud we become.
- C. The more it is enforced, the stronger our willpower proves.
- D. The more it is exercised, the more strengthened it gets.
答案：D
答案句：Your self-discipline is akin to a muscle, and each time you resist temptation or persist in a task despite a lack of motivation, you strengthen that muscle, leading to less effort and resistance in similar instances in the future.
参考译文：你的自律类似于肌肉，每次你抵制诱惑或在缺乏动力时坚持任务，你都会强化那块肌肉，从而在未来类似情境中减少努力和阻力。
定位线索：题干“compare our self-discipline to a muscle”→答案句“Your self-discipline is akin to a muscle”；文中“each time you...you strengthen that muscle”对应选项D“The more it is exercised, the more strengthened it gets”（越锻炼越强化）；题干“why”对应答案句“leading to less effort and resistance”。
解析：题干问作者为什么将自律比作肌肉。答案句明确说“each time you resist temptation or persist...you strengthen that muscle”，即每次使用都会强化，选项D“The more it is exercised, the more strengthened it gets”是原文的直接对应。选项A“more resistance”与原文“less effort and resistance”相反；选项B“more proud”是前文内容，但非此比喻的目的；选项C“enforced”偷换概念，原文是“exercised”（锻炼）而非“enforced”（强制）。