47. What should learning leaders do to arouse learners' passion for change?
- A. Allow them to see what could possibly be achieved.
- B. Help them break free from their old paradigms.
- C. Encourage them to rethink their thought models.
- D. Stimulate them to embrace fresh opportunities.
答案：A
答案句：To create this kind of widespread passion, learning leaders must expose the workforce to what could be, which will enable them to rethink their mental models, enable them to break free from their deep-rooted paradigms and embrace the opportunity to learn.
参考译文：为了创造这种广泛的热情，学习领导者必须让员工接触到可能实现的前景，这将使他们重新思考自己的心智模式，使他们摆脱根深蒂固的范式，并拥抱学习的机会。
定位线索：题干“arouse learners' passion for change”→答案句“create this kind of widespread passion”；文中“expose the workforce to what could be”对应选项A“see what could possibly be achieved”。
解析：题干问学习领导者如何激发学习者对变革的热情，答案句明确说“expose the workforce to what could be”，即让员工看到可能实现的目标，对应A选项。B、C、D选项都是“what could be”带来的结果，而非直接手段，属于偷换概念。
48. What does the passage say about lectures, training programs and workshops?
- A. They are generally incapable of changing workers' behaviors on the job.
- B. They are interventions different from simulations in creating stimuli for change.
- C. They aim at transforming the behaviors of t he workers in an organization.
- D. They help managers achieve the full effect of employee development efforts.
答案：A
答案句：Lectures, training programs and workshops can explain the intellectual elements of transformation, but they are seldom effective at getting to the behavioral aspects that lie at the heart of a significant change initiative.
参考译文：讲座、培训项目和研讨会可以解释变革的智力要素，但它们很少能有效触及重大变革举措核心的行为方面。
定位线索：题干“lectures, training programs and workshops”→答案句“Lectures, training programs and workshops...seldom effective at getting to the behavioral aspects”；文中“seldom effective”对应选项A“generally incapable of changing workers' behaviors”。
解析：题干问关于讲座、培训项目和研讨会，文章说了什么，答案句指出它们很少能有效触及行为方面，即通常无法改变员工行为，对应A选项。B选项“interventions different from simulations”在原文中未提及；C选项“aim at transforming behaviors”与原文相反；D选项“help managers achieve full effect”与原文“managers rarely see the full effect”矛盾。
49. What makes simulation one of the most fruitful forms of learning?
- A. Its capability of saving time by accelerating the immersive learning experience.
- B. Its potential for learners to examine their skills, knowledge and learning process.
- C. Its capability of providing all participants with a practical learning experience.
- D. Its potential for learners to explore, experiment and practice without any risk.
答案：D
答案句：The ability to explore, experiment and repeatedly apply new knowledge in unlimited, risk-free models is what makes simulation one of the most productive forms of learning.
参考译文：在无限、无风险的模型中探索、实验和反复应用新知识的能力，是使模拟成为最有效的学习形式之一的原因。
定位线索：题干“makes simulation one of the most fruitful forms of learning”→答案句“makes simulation one of the most productive forms of learning”；文中“explore, experiment and repeatedly apply new knowledge in unlimited, risk-free models”对应选项D“explore, experiment and practice without any risk”。
解析：题干问什么使模拟成为最有效的学习形式之一，答案句明确指出是“explore, experiment and repeatedly apply new knowledge in unlimited, risk-free models”，即无风险地探索、实验和实践，对应D选项。A选项“saving time”是模拟的优点之一，但非题干所问的原因；B选项“examine their skills, knowledge and learning process”在原文中未提及；C选项“practical learning experience”过于笼统，未体现“risk-free”这一关键点。