51. What do scientists think of REM?
- A. It is a sign of dreaming in adults and infants alike.
- B. It is essential to human beings' language learning.
- C. It determines the formation of connections in the brain.
- D. It performs a different function in babies than in adults.
答案：D
答案句：But scientists believe REM serves a completely different purpose for newborns and infants than dreaming. … When babies are in REM, it allows their brain to develop pathways, connections, and eventually, learn languages.
参考译文：但是科学家们认为，对于新生儿和婴儿来说，快速眼动睡眠的作用与做梦完全不同。… 当婴儿处于快速眼动睡眠时，它能让他们的大脑发展通路、连接，并最终学习语言。
定位线索：题干“What do scientists think of REM”→答案句取自第2段“But scientists believe REM serves a completely different purpose for newborns and infants than dreaming”；文中“a completely different purpose for newborns and infants”对应选项D“a different function in babies than in adults”。
解析：题干问科学家对REM的看法，答案句明确指出REM对新生儿和婴儿的作用与做梦完全不同，即对婴儿和成人的功能不同，对应D选项。A选项说对成人和婴儿都是做梦的标志，与原文矛盾；B选项说对语言学习至关重要，原文只说“eventually, learn languages”，并非强调“essential”，程度过重；C选项说“determines”连接的形成，原文是“allows”，偷换概念且程度过重。
54. What are Foulkes' findings about kids' dreams?
- A. They feature strange animals.
- B. They are unsurprising to adults.
- C. They grow and evolve with age.
- D. They reflect kids' waking life.
答案：C
答案句：Foulkes' findings are unsurprising. Basically, little kids have little dreams. But exactly what kids see while dreaming depends on their age. As children develop and grow, their dreams do too.
参考译文：福克斯的发现并不令人意外。基本上，小孩子有小孩子的梦。但孩子们在梦中看到什么取决于他们的年龄。随着孩子们的发育和成长，他们的梦也在成长。
定位线索：题干“Foulkes' findings about kids' dreams”→答案句取自第7段“what kids see while dreaming depends on their age”和“As children develop and grow, their dreams do too”；文中“their dreams do too”对应选项C“They grow and evolve with age”。
解析：题干问福克斯关于孩子梦境的发现，答案句明确指出孩子梦的内容取决于年龄，且随孩子成长而成长，对应C选项。A选项说梦中有奇怪的动物，原文说“familiar sights”，偷换概念；B选项说对成人来说不令人惊讶，原文“unsurprising”指发现本身不意外，并非对成人而言，偷换概念；D选项说反映清醒生活，原文提到“similar to their waking imagination”，但这是对5-9岁孩子的描述，且并非主要发现，范围缩小。
55. What can we assume about babies who appear upset upon waking?
- A. They have been roused against their will.
- B. They have been disturbed by a nightmare
- C. They have trouble recollecting the images of their dreams.
- D. They have been affected by something other than dreaming.
答案：D
答案句：So, if your baby seems to be in a stressful state while sleeping or is upset upon waking, there may be other factors at play.
参考译文：所以，如果你的宝宝在睡觉时似乎处于紧张状态，或者醒来时感到不安，那可能有其他因素在起作用。
定位线索：题干“babies who appear upset upon waking”→答案句取自末段“if your baby seems to be in a stressful state while sleeping or is upset upon waking, there may be other factors at play”；文中“other factors at play”对应选项D“something other than dreaming”。
解析：题干问宝宝醒来不安的原因，答案句明确指出可能有其他因素在起作用，即不是做梦导致，对应D选项。A选项说被强行唤醒，原文未提及；B选项说被噩梦打扰，但前文已说婴儿不做梦，无中生有；C选项说难以回忆梦境图像，原文提到25%的孩子无梦回忆，但这是针对5-9岁孩子，且与题干“upset upon waking”无关，答非所问。