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2024年12月四级 第1套 Section A 选词填空

题型：选词填空来源：2024年12月四级 第1套 Section A 选词填空

题目要求

In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

文章

Scientists have known that depriving adult mice of vision can increase the sensitivity of individual neurons (神经元) in the part of the brain devoted to hearing. New research from biologists at the University of Maryland __26__ that sight deprivation also changes the way brain cells __27__ with one another, shifting the mice's sensitivity to different frequencies.

"This study __28__ what we are learning about how manipulating vision can have a __29__ effect on the ability of an animal to hear long after the window for auditory (听觉的) learning was thought to have __30__," said Patrick Kanold, senior author of the study.

It was once thought that the sensory regions of the brain were not __31__ after a critical period in childhood. This is why children learn languages much more __32__ than adults. Kanold's earlier research disproved this idea by showing that depriving adult mice of vision for a short period increased the sensitivity of individual neurons in the auditory cortex (皮质), which is devoted to hearing.

Young brains wire themselves according to the sounds they hear frequently, assigning areas of the auditory cortex to __33__ frequencies based on what they are used to hearing. The researchers found that, in adult mice, a week in the dark also changed the __34__ of space to different frequencies.

"We don't know why we are seeing these patterns," Kanold said. "We __35__ that it may have to do with what the mice are paying attention to while they are in the dark."

候选词（15 选 10）

答案速查：26.L（revealed）  27.D（interact）  28.K（reinforces）  29.M（significant）  30.B（closed）  31.A（adaptable）  32.I（readily）  33.N（specific）  34.C（distribution）  35.O（speculate）

逐空解析

26. 答案：L（revealed）

空格作主句谓语，主语 New research，后接 that 宾语从句，需动词表「研究表明/揭示」。reveal that（揭示……）契合，全文用一般过去时叙述研究，故用过去式 revealed。reinforces 已用于 28 题，prescribes（规定）、registered（登记）语义不符。故选 L revealed。

27. 答案：D（interact）

空格在 the way brain cells ___ with one another 中作从句谓语，需动词原形，宾语由 with one another 引出。interact with one another（彼此相互作用）为固定搭配，描述脑细胞间的互动。故选 D interact。

28. 答案：K（reinforces）

主语 This study 为第三人称单数，空格作谓语，后接 what 宾语从句，需第三人称单数动词，意为这项研究『印证/强化』了我们正在了解的内容。reinforce（强化，印证）契合。revealed 已用于 26 题且为过去式，与单数主语时态不一致。故选 K reinforces。

29. 答案：M（significant）

空格在 a 与名词 effect 之间，需形容词作定语。句意：操控视觉能对听觉能力产生『显著』影响。significant effect（显著影响）为常见搭配。adaptable/neutral/specific 语义均不合「effect」。故选 M significant。

30. 答案：B（closed）

空格在 to have ___ 结构中，需过去分词构成完成式不定式，主语为 the window for auditory learning。「听觉学习的窗口期被认为早已『关闭』」，window closed 语义贴切。permanently 为副词，不能单独充当 have 后的核心成分。故选 B closed。

31. 答案：A（adaptable）

空格在 were not ___ 之后作表语，需形容词。句意：曾认为大脑感觉区在童年关键期后不再『有可塑性/可改变』，与下文 Kanold 的研究推翻此说相呼应。adaptable（可适应的、有可塑性的）契合；neutral/significant/specific 均不合此语境。故选 A adaptable。

32. 答案：I（readily）

空格在 much more ___ than adults 中，由 more...than 构成比较结构，修饰动词 learn，需副词。儿童学语言比成人『更容易』，learn readily（轻松地学会）契合。permanently（永久地）语义不符。故选 I readily。

33. 答案：N（specific）

空格在 to ___ frequencies 中修饰名词 frequencies，需形容词。句意：把听觉皮质的区域分配给『特定』频率。specific frequencies（特定频率）契合。剩余形容词 neutral 语义不符。故选 N specific。

34. 答案：C（distribution）

空格在 the ___ of space 中，需名词作中心词。句意：黑暗环境改变了空间对不同频率的『分配/分布』。distribution of space（空间的分配）契合，呼应上文 assigning areas...to...frequencies。narration（叙述）语义不符。故选 C distribution。

35. 答案：O（speculate）

空格作谓语，主语 We，后接 that 宾语从句，需动词原形。在「We don't know why」之后，作者只能『推测』原因，speculate that（推测……）契合不确定语气。故选 O speculate。

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