2022年12月四级 第1套 Section A 选词填空

Researchers, writing in the journal Heart, pooled data from 23 studies and found that social isolation or feelings of loneliness were tied to an increased risk of coronary heart disease (冠心病) and strokes.

The studies included data from 181,006 men and women ages 18 and over. There were 4,628 coronary events and 3,002 strokes in follow-up periods __26__ from three to 21 years. Three of the papers __27__ loneliness, 18 looked at social isolation and two included both. Social isolation and loneliness were determined with questionnaires; the researchers depended on medical records and death __28__ for determining coronary events and strokes.

The scientists found that loneliness and social isolation increased the __29__ risk of having a heart attack or a death from heart disease by __29__ percent, and the risk of stroke by __32__ percent. There were no __30__ between men and women.

People have tended to focus from a policy point of view on __31__ lonely people to make them more __32__ said the lead author, Nicole K. Valtorta, a research fellow at the University of York in England. "Our study __33__ that if this is a risk factor, then we should be trying to prevent the risk factor in the first place."

The authors __34__ that this was a review of observational studies and did not __35__ cause and effect.