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2023年12月四级 第1套 Section A 选词填空

题型：选词填空来源：2023年12月四级 第1套 Section A 选词填空

题目要求

In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

文章

Exercising for just 10 minutes a week is linked to a longer life, according to a new study published in The British Journal of Sports Medicine.

Several recent studies have found that even low-intensity exercise, done for a short amount of time, can have a meaningful __26__ on health. Still, the idea that exercising for just 10 minutes a week may be enough to increase your lifespan is novel. It's also somewhat __27__ . since the federal physical activity guidelines recommend getting at least 75 minutes of vigorous exercise or 150 minutes of __28__ exercise each week. The study was based on data from more than 88,000 U.S. adults who __29__ in the National Health Interview Survey between 1997 and 2008.

Contrary to some research that has found an __30__ limit to the amount of exercise that is healthy, the researchers found that there was __31__ no limit to the longevity (长寿) benefits of exercise. Even the small group of people who got 10 times the amount of exercise recommended by the federal government had a 46% lower __32__ of death than the least active group.

Still, observational studies like this one cannot prove cause and effect; they can only find __33__ . The researchers also were not able to __34__ for certain lifestyle factors that could affect lifespan, including dietary habits and changes in physical activity over time. Despite these __35__ . The study's results are yet another indication of the power of physical activity, even in small amounts.

候选词（15 选 10）

答案速查：26.F（impact）  27.D（controversial）  28.H（moderate）  29.I（participated）  30.O（upper）  31.M（seemingly）  32.L（risk）  33.J（patterns）  34.A（adjust）  35.G（limitations）

逐空解析

26. 答案：F（impact）

空格在形容词 meaningful 之后、介词 on 之前（have a meaningful ___ on health），需名词作 have 的宾语。impact on 为固定搭配，意为对健康产生有意义的『影响』。alter/adjust 为动词不合，故选 F impact。

27. 答案：D（controversial）

空格在系动词 is 与 somewhat 之后作表语，需形容词。下文 since 引出原因——该说法与联邦指南推荐的运动量相矛盾，故这一想法『有争议』。故选 D controversial。

28. 答案：H（moderate）

空格修饰名词 exercise，需形容词，且与前面的 vigorous（剧烈的）形成对照。75 分钟剧烈运动 or 150 分钟『中等强度』运动，故选 H moderate。

29. 答案：I（participated）

空格在关系代词 who 之后作谓语，需动词，且后接介词 in。participate in 固定搭配，意为 88,000 名成年人『参与』了全国健康访谈调查。时态为一般过去式，与全句相符，故选 I participated。

30. 答案：O（upper）

空格在冠词 an 与名词 limit 之间，需形容词修饰 limit。upper limit 固定搭配，意为有些研究发现健康运动量存在一个『上限』，与下句『没有上限』形成对照。limitations 为名词不能作定语且语义不符，故选 O upper（原答案 G limitations 误）。

31. 答案：M（seemingly）

空格在系动词 was 与 no limit 之间，需副词修饰整个表语。研究者发现运动对长寿的益处『看似』没有上限，故选 M seemingly。upper 为形容词且与 30 题重复，排除（原答案 O upper 误）。

32. 答案：L（risk）

空格在形容词 lower 之后、介词 of 之前（46% lower ___ of death），需名词。risk of death 固定搭配，意为死亡『风险』降低 46%，故选 L risk。

33. 答案：J（patterns）

空格作 find 的宾语，需名词。观察性研究不能证明因果关系，只能发现『规律/模式』。与前文 cannot prove cause and effect 形成对比，故选 J patterns。

34. 答案：A（adjust）

空格在 were not able to 之后，需动词原形，且后接介词 for。adjust for 为统计学固定搭配，意为研究者无法『控制/校正』某些影响寿命的生活方式因素（如饮食习惯）。type 为名词，与 to 不搭，故选 A adjust（原答案 N type 误）。

35. 答案：G（limitations）

空格在 Despite these 之后，需名词复数，回指前文提到的研究不足（无法证明因果、无法控制变量）。Despite these limitations 意为『尽管存在这些局限』。seemingly 为副词不合，故选 G limitations（原答案 M seemingly 误）。

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